OperatorExpressions.cs source code in C# .NET

Source code for the .NET framework in C#

                        

Code:

/ Net / Net / 3.5.50727.3053 / DEVDIV / depot / DevDiv / releases / Orcas / SP / ndp / fx / src / DataEntity / System / Data / Common / CommandTrees / OperatorExpressions.cs / 4 / OperatorExpressions.cs

                            //---------------------------------------------------------------------- 
// 
//      Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.  All rights reserved.
// 
// 
// @owner  [....], [....]
//--------------------------------------------------------------------- 
 
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic; 
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Globalization;

using System.Data.Common; 
using System.Data.Metadata.Edm;
using System.Data.Common.CommandTrees.Internal; 
 
namespace System.Data.Common.CommandTrees
{ 
    #region Boolean Operators
    /// 
    /// Represents the logical And of two Boolean arguments.
    ///  
    /// DbAndExpression requires that both of its arguments have a Boolean result type
    [System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis.SuppressMessage("Microsoft.Naming", "CA1709:IdentifiersShouldBeCasedCorrectly", MessageId = "Db")] 
    public sealed class DbAndExpression : DbBinaryExpression 
    {
        internal DbAndExpression(DbCommandTree commandTree, DbExpression left, DbExpression right) 
            : base(commandTree, DbExpressionKind.And)
        {
            EntityUtil.CheckArgumentNull(left, "Left");
            EntityUtil.CheckArgumentNull(right, "Right"); 

            TypeUsage resultType = TypeHelpers.GetCommonTypeUsage(left.ResultType, right.ResultType); 
            if (null == resultType || !TypeSemantics.IsPrimitiveType(resultType, PrimitiveTypeKind.Boolean)) 
            {
                throw EntityUtil.Argument(System.Data.Entity.Strings.Cqt_And_BooleanArgumentsRequired); 
            }

            //
            // Apply constraints to the left and right arguments and set initial values 
            //
            this.LeftLink.SetExpectedType(left.ResultType); 
            this.LeftLink.InitializeValue(left); 

            this.RightLink.SetExpectedType(right.ResultType); 
            this.RightLink.InitializeValue(right);

            //
            // Result Type is always Boolean 
            //
            this.ResultType = resultType; 
        } 

        ///  
        /// The visitor pattern method for expression visitors that do not produce a result value.
        /// 
        /// An instance of DbExpressionVisitor.
        ///  is null 
        public override void Accept(DbExpressionVisitor visitor) { if (visitor != null) { visitor.Visit(this); } else { throw EntityUtil.ArgumentNull("visitor"); } }
 
        ///  
        /// The visitor pattern method for expression visitors that produce a result value of a specific type.
        ///  
        /// An instance of a typed DbExpressionVisitor that produces a result value of type TResultType.
        /// The type of the result produced by 
        ///  is null
        /// An instance of . 
        public override TResultType Accept(DbExpressionVisitor visitor) { if (visitor != null) { return visitor.Visit(this); } else { throw EntityUtil.ArgumentNull("visitor"); } }
    } 
 
    /// 
    /// Represents the logical Or of two Boolean arguments. 
    /// 
    /// DbOrExpression requires that both of its arguments have a Boolean result type
    [System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis.SuppressMessage("Microsoft.Naming", "CA1709:IdentifiersShouldBeCasedCorrectly", MessageId = "Db")]
    public sealed class DbOrExpression : DbBinaryExpression 
    {
        internal DbOrExpression(DbCommandTree commandTree, DbExpression left, DbExpression right) 
            : base(commandTree, DbExpressionKind.Or) 
        {
            EntityUtil.CheckArgumentNull(left, "Left"); 
            EntityUtil.CheckArgumentNull(right, "Right");

            TypeUsage resultType = TypeHelpers.GetCommonTypeUsage(left.ResultType, right.ResultType);
            if (null == resultType || !TypeSemantics.IsPrimitiveType(resultType, PrimitiveTypeKind.Boolean)) 
            {
                throw EntityUtil.Argument(System.Data.Entity.Strings.Cqt_Or_BooleanArgumentsRequired); 
            } 

            // 
            // Apply constraints to the left and right arguments and set initial values
            //
            this.LeftLink.SetExpectedType(left.ResultType);
            this.LeftLink.InitializeValue(left); 

            this.RightLink.SetExpectedType(right.ResultType); 
            this.RightLink.InitializeValue(right); 

            // 
            // Result Type is always Boolean
            //
            this.ResultType = resultType;
        } 

        ///  
        /// The visitor pattern method for expression visitors that do not produce a result value. 
        /// 
        /// An instance of DbExpressionVisitor. 
        ///  is null
        public override void Accept(DbExpressionVisitor visitor) { if (visitor != null) { visitor.Visit(this); } else { throw EntityUtil.ArgumentNull("visitor"); } }

        ///  
        /// The visitor pattern method for expression visitors that produce a result value of a specific type.
        ///  
        /// An instance of a typed DbExpressionVisitor that produces a result value of type TResultType. 
        /// The type of the result produced by 
        ///  is null 
        /// An instance of .
        public override TResultType Accept(DbExpressionVisitor visitor) { if (visitor != null) { return visitor.Visit(this); } else { throw EntityUtil.ArgumentNull("visitor"); } }
    }
 
    /// 
    /// Represents the logical Not of a single Boolean argument. 
    ///  
    /// DbNotExpression requires that its argument has a Boolean result type
    [System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis.SuppressMessage("Microsoft.Naming", "CA1709:IdentifiersShouldBeCasedCorrectly", MessageId = "Db")] 
    public sealed class DbNotExpression : DbUnaryExpression
    {
        internal DbNotExpression(DbCommandTree commandTree, DbExpression arg)
            : base(commandTree, DbExpressionKind.Not) 
        {
            EntityUtil.CheckArgumentNull(arg, "Argument"); 
 
            //
            // Argument to Not must have Boolean result type 
            //
            if (!TypeSemantics.IsPrimitiveType(arg.ResultType, PrimitiveTypeKind.Boolean))
            {
                throw EntityUtil.Argument(System.Data.Entity.Strings.Cqt_Not_BooleanArgumentRequired); 
            }
 
            this.ArgumentLink.SetExpectedType(arg.ResultType); 
            this.ArgumentLink.InitializeValue(arg);
            this.ResultType = arg.ResultType; 
        }

        /// 
        /// The visitor pattern method for expression visitors that do not produce a result value. 
        /// 
        /// An instance of DbExpressionVisitor. 
        ///  is null 
        public override void Accept(DbExpressionVisitor visitor) { if (visitor != null) { visitor.Visit(this); } else { throw EntityUtil.ArgumentNull("visitor"); } }
 
        /// 
        /// The visitor pattern method for expression visitors that produce a result value of a specific type.
        /// 
        /// An instance of a typed DbExpressionVisitor that produces a result value of type TResultType. 
        /// The type of the result produced by 
        ///  is null 
        /// An instance of . 
        public override TResultType Accept(DbExpressionVisitor visitor) { if (visitor != null) { return visitor.Visit(this); } else { throw EntityUtil.ArgumentNull("visitor"); } }
    } 
    #endregion

    /// 
    /// Represents an arithmetic operation (addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, modulo or negation) applied to two numeric arguments. 
    /// 
    /// DbArithmeticExpression requires that its arguments have a common numeric result type 
    [System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis.SuppressMessage("Microsoft.Naming", "CA1709:IdentifiersShouldBeCasedCorrectly", MessageId = "Db")] 
    public sealed class DbArithmeticExpression : DbExpression
    { 
        private readonly ExpressionList _args;

        internal DbArithmeticExpression(DbCommandTree commandTree, DbExpressionKind kind, IList args)
            : base(commandTree, kind) 
        {
            EntityUtil.CheckArgumentNull(args, "args"); 
 
            Debug.Assert(
                DbExpressionKind.Divide == kind || 
                DbExpressionKind.Minus == kind ||
                DbExpressionKind.Modulo == kind ||
                DbExpressionKind.Multiply == kind ||
                DbExpressionKind.Plus == kind || 
                DbExpressionKind.UnaryMinus == kind,
                "Invalid DbExpressionKind used in DbArithmeticExpression: " + Enum.GetName(typeof(DbExpressionKind), kind) 
            ); 

            Debug.Assert( 
                (DbExpressionKind.UnaryMinus == kind && 1 == args.Count) ||
                2 == args.Count,
                "Incorrect number of arguments specified to DbArithmeticExpression"
            ); 

            // 
            // Construct a new ExpressionList to contain the arguments 
            //
            ExpressionList argList = new ExpressionList("Arguments", commandTree, args.Count); 

            //
            // Set the current elements without constraining the expected element type
            // 
            argList.SetElements(args);
 
            // 
            // Ensure that a numeric common type exists for the arguments
            // 
            TypeUsage commonType = argList.GetCommonElementType();
            if (TypeSemantics.IsNullOrNullType(commonType) || !TypeSemantics.IsNumericType(commonType))
            {
                throw EntityUtil.Argument(System.Data.Entity.Strings.Cqt_Arithmetic_NumericCommonType); 
            }
 
            // 
            // Constrain the type of elements in the list to the common numeric type
            // 
            argList.SetExpectedElementType(commonType);

            this._args = argList;
            this.ResultType = commonType; 
        }
 
        ///  
        /// Gets the list of expressions that define the current arguments.
        ///  
        /// 
        ///     The Arguments property returns a fixed-size list of  elements.
        ///      requires that all elements of it's Arguments list
        ///     have a common numeric result type. 
        /// 
        public IList Arguments { get { return _args; } } 
 
        /// 
        /// The visitor pattern method for expression visitors that do not produce a result value. 
        /// 
        /// An instance of DbExpressionVisitor.
        ///  is null
        public override void Accept(DbExpressionVisitor visitor) { if (visitor != null) { visitor.Visit(this); } else { throw EntityUtil.ArgumentNull("visitor"); } } 

        ///  
        /// The visitor pattern method for expression visitors that produce a result value of a specific type. 
        /// 
        /// An instance of a typed DbExpressionVisitor that produces a result value of type TResultType. 
        /// The type of the result produced by 
        ///  is null
        /// An instance of .
        public override TResultType Accept(DbExpressionVisitor visitor) { if (visitor != null) { return visitor.Visit(this); } else { throw EntityUtil.ArgumentNull("visitor"); } } 
    }
 
    ///  
    /// Represents a Case When...Then...Else logical operation.
    ///  
    [System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis.SuppressMessage("Microsoft.Naming", "CA1709:IdentifiersShouldBeCasedCorrectly", MessageId = "Db")]
    public sealed class DbCaseExpression : DbExpression
    {
        private ExpressionList _when; 
        private ExpressionList _then;
        private ExpressionLink _else; 
 
        internal DbCaseExpression(DbCommandTree cmdTree, IList whens, IList thens, DbExpression elseExpr)
            : base(cmdTree, DbExpressionKind.Case) 
        {
            //
            // Whens/Thens cannot be null
            // (nor can Else, but this is enforced when the 
            // ExpressionLink for the Else property is created, below).
            // 
            EntityUtil.CheckArgumentNull(whens, "whens"); 
            EntityUtil.CheckArgumentNull(thens, "thens");
 
            //
            // The number of 'When's must equal the number of 'Then's.
            //
            if (whens.Count != thens.Count) 
            {
                throw EntityUtil.Argument(System.Data.Entity.Strings.Cqt_Case_WhensMustEqualThens); 
            } 

            // 
            // There must be at least one clause in the case expression.
            //
            if (0 == whens.Count)
            { 
                throw EntityUtil.Argument(System.Data.Entity.Strings.Cqt_Case_AtLeastOneClause);
            } 
 
            //
            // All 'When's must produce a Boolean result, and a common (non-null) result type must exist 
            //
            TypeUsage resultType = null;
            for(int idx = 0; idx < whens.Count; idx++)
            { 
                if (null == thens[idx])
                { 
                    throw EntityUtil.ArgumentNull(CommandTreeUtils.FormatIndex("Thens", idx)); 
                }
 
                if (null == resultType)
                {
                    resultType = thens[idx].ResultType;
                } 
                else
                { 
                    resultType = TypeHelpers.GetCommonTypeUsage(thens[idx].ResultType, resultType); 
                    if (null == resultType)
                    { 
                        break;
                    }
                }
            } 

            if (resultType != null && elseExpr != null) 
            { 
                resultType = TypeHelpers.GetCommonTypeUsage(elseExpr.ResultType, resultType);
            } 

            if (TypeSemantics.IsNullOrNullType(resultType))
            {
                throw EntityUtil.Argument(System.Data.Entity.Strings.Cqt_Case_InvalidResultType); 
            }
 
            // 
            // Initialize the When clauses. Elements must be promotable to Boolean.
            // NullType is specifically not allowed as the Type of a When element. 
            //
            _when = new ExpressionList("When", cmdTree, PrimitiveTypeKind.Boolean, whens);

            // 
            // Initialize the Then clauses. Elements must be promotable to the common result type.
            // 
            _then = new ExpressionList("Then", cmdTree, resultType, thens); 

            // 
            // Initialize the Else clause. Values must be promotable to the common result type.
            //
            _else = new ExpressionLink("Else", cmdTree, resultType, elseExpr);
 
            //
            // The result type of DbCaseExpression is the common result type 
            // 
            this.ResultType = resultType;
        } 

        /// 
        /// Gets the When clauses of this DbCaseExpression.
        ///  
        public IList When { get { return _when; } }
 
        ///  
        /// Gets the Then clauses of this DbCaseExpression.
        ///  
        public IList Then { get { return _then; } }

        /// 
        /// Gets or sets the Else clause of this DbCaseExpression. 
        /// 
        /// The expression is null 
        ///  
        ///     The expression is not associated with the DbCaseExpression's command tree,
        ///     or its result type is not equal or promotable to the result type of the DbCaseExpression 
        /// 
        public DbExpression Else { get { return _else.Expression; } /*CQT_PUBLIC_API(*/internal/*)*/ set { _else.Expression = value; } }

        ///  
        /// The visitor pattern method for expression visitors that do not produce a result value.
        ///  
        /// An instance of DbExpressionVisitor. 
        ///  is null
        public override void Accept(DbExpressionVisitor visitor) { if (visitor != null) { visitor.Visit(this); } else { throw EntityUtil.ArgumentNull("visitor"); } } 

        /// 
        /// The visitor pattern method for expression visitors that produce a result value of a specific type.
        ///  
        /// An instance of a typed DbExpressionVisitor that produces a result value of type TResultType.
        /// The type of the result produced by  
        ///  is null 
        /// An instance of .
        public override TResultType Accept(DbExpressionVisitor visitor) { if (visitor != null) { return visitor.Visit(this); } else { throw EntityUtil.ArgumentNull("visitor"); } } 
    }

    /// 
    /// Represents a cast operation applied to a polymorphic argument. 
    /// 
    [System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis.SuppressMessage("Microsoft.Naming", "CA1709:IdentifiersShouldBeCasedCorrectly", MessageId = "Db")] 
    public sealed class DbCastExpression : DbUnaryExpression 
    {
        internal DbCastExpression(DbCommandTree cmdTree, TypeUsage type, DbExpression arg) 
            : base(cmdTree, DbExpressionKind.Cast)
        {
            //
            // Verify the type to cast to. Casting to NullType is not allowed 
            //
            cmdTree.TypeHelper.CheckType(type); 
 
            //
            // Verify that the cast is allowed 
            //
            if (!TypeSemantics.IsCastAllowed(arg.ResultType, type))
            {
                throw EntityUtil.Argument(System.Data.Entity.Strings.Cqt_Cast_InvalidCast(TypeHelpers.GetFullName(arg.ResultType), TypeHelpers.GetFullName(type))); 
            }
 
            // 
            // Set the Argument constraints and initialize the argument value
            // 
            this.ArgumentLink.InitializeValue(arg);
            this.ArgumentLink.SetExpectedType(arg.ResultType);
            this.ResultType = type;
        } 

        ///  
        /// The visitor pattern method for expression visitors that do not produce a result value. 
        /// 
        /// An instance of DbExpressionVisitor. 
        ///  is null
        public override void Accept(DbExpressionVisitor visitor) { if (visitor != null) { visitor.Visit(this); } else { throw EntityUtil.ArgumentNull("visitor"); } }

        ///  
        /// The visitor pattern method for expression visitors that produce a result value of a specific type.
        ///  
        /// An instance of a typed DbExpressionVisitor that produces a result value of type TResultType. 
        /// The type of the result produced by 
        ///  is null 
        /// An instance of .
        public override TResultType Accept(DbExpressionVisitor visitor) { if (visitor != null) { return visitor.Visit(this); } else { throw EntityUtil.ArgumentNull("visitor"); } }
    }
 
    /// 
    /// Represents a comparison operation (equality, greater than, greather than or equal, less than, less than or equal, inequality) applied to two arguments. 
    ///  
    /// 
    ///     DbComparisonExpression requires that its arguments have a common result type 
    ///     that is equality comparable (for .Equals and .NotEquals),
    ///     order comparable (for .GreaterThan and .LessThan),
    ///     or both (for .GreaterThanOrEquals and .LessThanOrEquals).
    ///  
    [System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis.SuppressMessage("Microsoft.Naming", "CA1709:IdentifiersShouldBeCasedCorrectly", MessageId = "Db")]
    public sealed class DbComparisonExpression : DbBinaryExpression 
    { 
        internal DbComparisonExpression(DbCommandTree commandTree, DbExpressionKind kind, DbExpression left, DbExpression right)
            : base(commandTree, kind) 
        {
            Debug.Assert(
                DbExpressionKind.Equals == kind ||
                DbExpressionKind.LessThan == kind || 
                DbExpressionKind.LessThanOrEquals == kind ||
                DbExpressionKind.GreaterThan == kind || 
                DbExpressionKind.GreaterThanOrEquals == kind || 
                DbExpressionKind.NotEquals == kind,
                "Invalid DbExpressionKind used in DbComparisonExpression: " + Enum.GetName(typeof(DbExpressionKind), kind) 
            );

            //
            // Initialize the Left and Right arguments to perform Null value and NullType checking 
            //
            this.LeftLink.InitializeValue(left); 
            this.RightLink.InitializeValue(right); 

            // 
            // Ensure that the types of the arguments are comparable
            //
            this.CheckComparison(left, right);
 
            //
            // Register for notifications that the left or right argument is changing. 
            // The arguments can be freely substituted provided that when a value is changed, 
            // the result type of the new expression value and the result type of the unchanged argument are comparable.
            // 
            this.LeftLink.ValueChanging += new ExpressionLinkConstraint(this.ArgumentChanging);
            this.RightLink.ValueChanging += new ExpressionLinkConstraint(this.ArgumentChanging);

            // 
            // Result Type is always Boolean
            // 
            this.ResultType = commandTree.TypeHelper.CreateBooleanResultType(); 
        }
 
        /// 
        /// The visitor pattern method for expression visitors that do not produce a result value.
        /// 
        /// An instance of DbExpressionVisitor. 
        ///  is null
        public override void Accept(DbExpressionVisitor visitor) { if (visitor != null) { visitor.Visit(this); } else { throw EntityUtil.ArgumentNull("visitor"); } } 
 
        /// 
        /// The visitor pattern method for expression visitors that produce a result value of a specific type. 
        /// 
        /// An instance of a typed DbExpressionVisitor that produces a result value of type TResultType.
        /// The type of the result produced by 
        ///  is null 
        /// An instance of .
        public override TResultType Accept(DbExpressionVisitor visitor) { if (visitor != null) { return visitor.Visit(this); } else { throw EntityUtil.ArgumentNull("visitor"); } } 
 
        private void ArgumentChanging(ExpressionLink link, DbExpression newValue)
        { 
            //
            // If the Left expression is changing then the Right expression should be compared
            // to the new value, and vice-versa.
            // 
            if (this.LeftLink == link)
            { 
                this.CheckComparison(newValue, this.Right); 
            }
            else 
            {
                this.CheckComparison(this.Left, newValue);
            }
        } 

        private void CheckComparison(DbExpression left, DbExpression right) 
        { 
            //
            // A comparison of the specified kind must exist between the left and right arguments 
            //
            bool equality = true;
            bool order = true;
            if (DbExpressionKind.GreaterThanOrEquals == this.ExpressionKind || 
                DbExpressionKind.LessThanOrEquals == this.ExpressionKind)
            { 
                equality = TypeSemantics.IsEqualComparableTo(left.ResultType, right.ResultType); 
                order = TypeSemantics.IsOrderComparableTo(left.ResultType, right.ResultType);
            } 
            else if (DbExpressionKind.Equals == this.ExpressionKind ||
                     DbExpressionKind.NotEquals == this.ExpressionKind)
            {
                equality = TypeSemantics.IsEqualComparableTo(left.ResultType, right.ResultType); 
            }
            else 
            { 
                order = TypeSemantics.IsOrderComparableTo(left.ResultType, right.ResultType);
            } 

            if(!equality || !order)
            {
                throw EntityUtil.Argument(System.Data.Entity.Strings.Cqt_Comparison_ComparableRequired); 
            }
        } 
    } 

    ///  
    /// Represents empty set determination applied to a single set argument.
    /// 
    [System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis.SuppressMessage("Microsoft.Naming", "CA1709:IdentifiersShouldBeCasedCorrectly", MessageId = "Db")]
    public sealed class DbIsEmptyExpression : DbUnaryExpression 
    {
        internal DbIsEmptyExpression(DbCommandTree cmdTree, DbExpression arg) 
            : base(cmdTree, DbExpressionKind.IsEmpty, arg) 
        {
            // 
            // Ensure that the Argument is of a collection type
            //
            this.CheckCollectionArgument();
 
            //
            // Result Type is always Boolean 
            // 
            this.ResultType = cmdTree.TypeHelper.CreateBooleanResultType();
        } 

        /// 
        /// The visitor pattern method for expression visitors that do not produce a result value.
        ///  
        /// An instance of DbExpressionVisitor.
        ///  is null 
        public override void Accept(DbExpressionVisitor visitor) { if (visitor != null) { visitor.Visit(this); } else { throw EntityUtil.ArgumentNull("visitor"); } } 

        ///  
        /// The visitor pattern method for expression visitors that produce a result value of a specific type.
        /// 
        /// An instance of a typed DbExpressionVisitor that produces a result value of type TResultType.
        /// The type of the result produced by  
        ///  is null
        /// An instance of . 
        public override TResultType Accept(DbExpressionVisitor visitor) { if (visitor != null) { return visitor.Visit(this); } else { throw EntityUtil.ArgumentNull("visitor"); } } 
    }
 
    /// 
    /// Represents null determination applied to a single argument.
    /// 
    [System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis.SuppressMessage("Microsoft.Naming", "CA1709:IdentifiersShouldBeCasedCorrectly", MessageId = "Db")] 
    public sealed class DbIsNullExpression : DbUnaryExpression
    { 
        internal DbIsNullExpression(DbCommandTree cmdTree, DbExpression arg, bool isRowTypeArgumentAllowed) 
            : base(cmdTree, DbExpressionKind.IsNull)
        { 
            //
            // The argument cannot be of a collection type
            //
            if (TypeSemantics.IsCollectionType(arg.ResultType)) 
            {
                throw EntityUtil.Argument(System.Data.Entity.Strings.Cqt_IsNull_CollectionNotAllowed); 
            } 

            // 
            // ensure argument type is valid for this operation
            //
            if (!TypeHelpers.IsValidIsNullOpType(arg.ResultType) && (!isRowTypeArgumentAllowed || !TypeSemantics.IsRowType(arg.ResultType)))
            { 
                throw EntityUtil.Argument(System.Data.Entity.Strings.Cqt_IsNull_InvalidType);
            } 
 
            //
            // Set the Argument constraints and initialize the Argument value 
            // ArgumentLink.SetExpectedType is not called - any expression can be substituted freely for the argument expression
            //
            this.ArgumentLink.InitializeValue(arg);
 
            //
            // Result Type is always Boolean 
            // 
            this.ResultType = cmdTree.TypeHelper.CreateBooleanResultType();
        } 

        /// 
        /// The visitor pattern method for expression visitors that do not produce a result value.
        ///  
        /// An instance of DbExpressionVisitor.
        ///  is null 
        public override void Accept(DbExpressionVisitor visitor) { if (visitor != null) { visitor.Visit(this); } else { throw EntityUtil.ArgumentNull("visitor"); } } 

        ///  
        /// The visitor pattern method for expression visitors that produce a result value of a specific type.
        /// 
        /// An instance of a typed DbExpressionVisitor that produces a result value of type TResultType.
        /// The type of the result produced by  
        ///  is null
        /// An instance of . 
        public override TResultType Accept(DbExpressionVisitor visitor) { if (visitor != null) { return visitor.Visit(this); } else { throw EntityUtil.ArgumentNull("visitor"); } } 
    }
 
    /// 
    /// Represents the type comparison of a single argument against the specified type.
    /// 
    [System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis.SuppressMessage("Microsoft.Naming", "CA1709:IdentifiersShouldBeCasedCorrectly", MessageId = "Db")] 
    public sealed class DbIsOfExpression : DbUnaryExpression
    { 
        private TypeUsage _ofType; 

        internal DbIsOfExpression(DbCommandTree cmdTree, DbExpressionKind isOfKind, TypeUsage type, DbExpression arg) 
            : base(cmdTree, isOfKind)
        {
            Debug.Assert(DbExpressionKind.IsOf == this.ExpressionKind || DbExpressionKind.IsOfOnly == this.ExpressionKind, string.Format(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture, "Invalid DbExpressionKind used in DbIsOfExpression: {0}", Enum.GetName(typeof(DbExpressionKind), this.ExpressionKind)));
 
            //
            // Ensure the ofType is non-null, associated with the correct metadata workspace/dataspace, 
            // is not NullType, and is polymorphic 
            //
            cmdTree.TypeHelper.CheckPolymorphicType(type); 

            //
            // Verify that the IsOf operation is allowed
            // 
            if (!TypeSemantics.IsValidPolymorphicCast(arg.ResultType, type))
            { 
                throw EntityUtil.Argument(System.Data.Entity.Strings.Cqt_General_PolymorphicArgRequired(this.GetType().Name)); 
            }
 
            _ofType = type;

            //
            // Set the Argument constraints and initialize the Argument value 
            //
            this.ArgumentLink.SetExpectedType(arg.ResultType); 
            this.ArgumentLink.InitializeValue(arg); 

            // 
            // Return type is always Boolean
            //
            this.ResultType = cmdTree.TypeHelper.CreateBooleanResultType();
        } 

        ///  
        /// Gets the type metadata that the type metadata of the argument should be compared to. 
        /// 
        public TypeUsage OfType 
        {
            get { return _ofType; }
        }
 
        /// 
        /// The visitor pattern method for expression visitors that do not produce a result value. 
        ///  
        /// An instance of DbExpressionVisitor.
        ///  is null 
        public override void Accept(DbExpressionVisitor visitor) { if (visitor != null) { visitor.Visit(this); } else { throw EntityUtil.ArgumentNull("visitor"); } }

        /// 
        /// The visitor pattern method for expression visitors that produce a result value of a specific type. 
        /// 
        /// An instance of a typed DbExpressionVisitor that produces a result value of type TResultType. 
        /// The type of the result produced by  
        ///  is null
        /// An instance of . 
        public override TResultType Accept(DbExpressionVisitor visitor) { if (visitor != null) { return visitor.Visit(this); } else { throw EntityUtil.ArgumentNull("visitor"); } }
    }

    ///  
    /// Represents the retrieval of elements of the specified type from the given set argument.
    ///  
    [System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis.SuppressMessage("Microsoft.Naming", "CA1709:IdentifiersShouldBeCasedCorrectly", MessageId = "Db")] 
    public sealed class DbOfTypeExpression : DbUnaryExpression
    { 
        private TypeUsage _ofType;

        internal DbOfTypeExpression(DbCommandTree cmdTree, DbExpressionKind ofTypeKind, TypeUsage type, DbExpression arg)
            : base(cmdTree, ofTypeKind, arg) 
        {
            Debug.Assert(DbExpressionKind.OfType == ofTypeKind || 
                         DbExpressionKind.OfTypeOnly == ofTypeKind, 
                         "ExpressionKind for DbOfTypeExpression must be OfType or OfTypeOnly");
 
            //
            // Ensure that the type is non-null and valid - from the same metadata collection and dataspace and the command tree.
            // The type is also not allowed to be NullType.
            // 
            cmdTree.TypeHelper.CheckPolymorphicType(type);
 
            // 
            // Ensure that the argument is actually of a collection type.
            // 
            this.CheckCollectionArgument();

            //
            // Verify that the OfType operation is allowed 
            //
#if DEBUG 
            CollectionType argCollType = null; 
            bool isCollType = TypeHelpers.TryGetEdmType(arg.ResultType, out argCollType);
            Debug.Assert(isCollType && argCollType != null, "DbUnaryExpression.CheckCollectionArgument allowed non-collection argument"); 
#endif
            TypeUsage elementType = null;
            if( !TypeHelpers.TryGetCollectionElementType(arg.ResultType, out elementType) ||
                !TypeSemantics.IsValidPolymorphicCast(elementType, type)) 
            {
                throw EntityUtil.Argument(System.Data.Entity.Strings.Cqt_General_PolymorphicArgRequired(this.GetType().Name)); 
            } 

            // 
            // The type of this DbExpression is a new collection type based on the requested element type.
            //
            this.ResultType = CommandTreeTypeHelper.CreateCollectionResultType(type);
 
            //
            // Assign the requested element type to the OfType property. 
            // 
            _ofType = type;
        } 

        /// 
        /// Gets the metadata of the type of elements that should be retrieved from the set argument.
        ///  
        public TypeUsage OfType
        { 
            get { return _ofType; } 
        }
 
        /// 
        /// The visitor pattern method for expression visitors that do not produce a result value.
        /// 
        /// An instance of DbExpressionVisitor. 
        ///  is null
        public override void Accept(DbExpressionVisitor visitor) { if (visitor != null) { visitor.Visit(this); } else { throw EntityUtil.ArgumentNull("visitor"); } } 
 
        /// 
        /// The visitor pattern method for expression visitors that produce a result value of a specific type. 
        /// 
        /// An instance of a typed DbExpressionVisitor that produces a result value of type TResultType.
        /// The type of the result produced by 
        ///  is null 
        /// An instance of .
        public override TResultType Accept(DbExpressionVisitor visitor) { if (visitor != null) { return visitor.Visit(this); } else { throw EntityUtil.ArgumentNull("visitor"); } } 
    } 

    ///  
    /// Represents the type conversion of a single argument to the specified type.
    /// 
    [System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis.SuppressMessage("Microsoft.Naming", "CA1709:IdentifiersShouldBeCasedCorrectly", MessageId = "Db")]
    public sealed class DbTreatExpression : DbUnaryExpression 
    {
        internal DbTreatExpression(DbCommandTree cmdTree, TypeUsage type, DbExpression arg) 
            : base(cmdTree, DbExpressionKind.Treat) 
        {
            // 
            // Verify the type to treat as. Treat-As (NullType) is not allowed.
            //
            cmdTree.TypeHelper.CheckPolymorphicType(type);
 
            //
            // Verify that the Treat operation is allowed 
            // 
            if (!TypeSemantics.IsValidPolymorphicCast(arg.ResultType, type))
            { 
                throw EntityUtil.Argument(System.Data.Entity.Strings.Cqt_General_PolymorphicArgRequired(this.GetType().Name));
            }

            // 
            // Set the Argument constraints and initialize the Argument value
            // 
            this.ArgumentLink.InitializeValue(arg); 
            this.ArgumentLink.SetExpectedType(arg.ResultType);
 
            this.ResultType = type;
        }

        ///  
        /// The visitor pattern method for expression visitors that do not produce a result value.
        ///  
        /// An instance of DbExpressionVisitor. 
        ///  is null
        public override void Accept(DbExpressionVisitor visitor) { if (visitor != null) { visitor.Visit(this); } else { throw EntityUtil.ArgumentNull("visitor"); } } 

        /// 
        /// The visitor pattern method for expression visitors that produce a result value of a specific type.
        ///  
        /// An instance of a typed DbExpressionVisitor that produces a result value of type TResultType.
        /// The type of the result produced by  
        ///  is null 
        /// An instance of .
        public override TResultType Accept(DbExpressionVisitor visitor) { if (visitor != null) { return visitor.Visit(this); } else { throw EntityUtil.ArgumentNull("visitor"); } } 
    }

    /// 
    /// Represents a string comparison against the specified pattern with an optional escape string 
    /// 
    [System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis.SuppressMessage("Microsoft.Naming", "CA1709:IdentifiersShouldBeCasedCorrectly", MessageId = "Db")] 
    public sealed class DbLikeExpression : DbExpression 
    {
        private ExpressionLink _argument; 
        private ExpressionLink _pattern;
        private ExpressionLink _escape;

        internal DbLikeExpression(DbCommandTree cmdTree, DbExpression input, DbExpression pattern, DbExpression escape) 
            : base(cmdTree, DbExpressionKind.Like)
        { 
            _argument = new ExpressionLink("Argument", cmdTree, PrimitiveTypeKind.String, input); 
            _pattern = new ExpressionLink("Pattern", cmdTree, PrimitiveTypeKind.String, pattern);
 
            if (null == escape)
            {
                // The default escape sequence is null - not the empty string
                escape = cmdTree.CreateNullExpression(pattern.ResultType); 
            }
 
            _escape = new ExpressionLink("Escape", cmdTree, PrimitiveTypeKind.String, escape); 

            this.ResultType = cmdTree.TypeHelper.CreateBooleanResultType(); 
        }

        /// 
        /// Gets or sets an expression that specifies the string to compare against the given pattern 
        /// 
        /// The expression is null 
        ///  
        ///     The expression is not associated with the DbLikeExpression's command tree,
        ///     or its result type is not a string type. 
        /// 
        public DbExpression Argument { get { return _argument.Expression; } /*CQT_PUBLIC_API(*/internal/*)*/ set { _argument.Expression = value; } }

        ///  
        /// Gets or sets an expression that specifies the pattern against which the given string should be compared
        ///  
        /// The expression is null 
        /// 
        ///     The expression is not associated with the DbLikeExpression's command tree, 
        ///     or its result type is not a string type.
        /// 
        public DbExpression Pattern { get { return _pattern.Expression; } /*CQT_PUBLIC_API(*/internal/*)*/ set { _pattern.Expression = value; } }
 
        /// 
        /// Gets or sets an expression that provides an optional escape string to use for the comparison 
        ///  
        /// The expression is null
        ///  
        ///     The expression is not associated with the DbLikeExpression's command tree,
        ///     or its result type is not a string type.
        /// 
        public DbExpression Escape { get { return _escape.Expression; } /*CQT_PUBLIC_API(*/internal/*)*/ set { _escape.Expression = value; } } 

        ///  
        /// The visitor pattern method for expression visitors that do not produce a result value. 
        /// 
        /// An instance of DbExpressionVisitor. 
        ///  is null
        public override void Accept(DbExpressionVisitor visitor) { if (visitor != null) { visitor.Visit(this); } else { throw EntityUtil.ArgumentNull("visitor"); } }

        ///  
        /// The visitor pattern method for expression visitors that produce a result value of a specific type.
        ///  
        /// An instance of a typed DbExpressionVisitor that produces a result value of type TResultType. 
        /// The type of the result produced by 
        ///  is null 
        /// An instance of .
        public override TResultType Accept(DbExpressionVisitor visitor) { if (visitor != null) { return visitor.Visit(this); } else { throw EntityUtil.ArgumentNull("visitor"); } }
    }
 
    /// 
    /// Represents the retrieval of a reference to the specified Entity as a Ref. 
    ///  
    [System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis.SuppressMessage("Microsoft.Naming", "CA1709:IdentifiersShouldBeCasedCorrectly", MessageId = "Db")]
    public sealed class DbEntityRefExpression : DbUnaryExpression 
    {
        internal DbEntityRefExpression(DbCommandTree cmdTree, DbExpression entity)
            : base(cmdTree, DbExpressionKind.EntityRef, entity)
        { 
            EntityType entityType = null;
            if (!TypeHelpers.TryGetEdmType(this.Argument.ResultType, out entityType) || null == entityType) 
            { 
                throw EntityUtil.Argument(System.Data.Entity.Strings.Cqt_GetEntityRef_EntityRequired, "Argument");
            } 

            this.ResultType = CommandTreeTypeHelper.CreateReferenceResultType(entityType);
        }
 
        /// 
        /// The visitor pattern method for expression visitors that do not produce a result value. 
        ///  
        /// An instance of DbExpressionVisitor.
        ///  is null 
        public override void Accept(DbExpressionVisitor visitor) { if (visitor != null) { visitor.Visit(this); } else { throw EntityUtil.ArgumentNull("visitor"); } }

        /// 
        /// The visitor pattern method for expression visitors that produce a result value of a specific type. 
        /// 
        /// An instance of a typed DbExpressionVisitor that produces a result value of type TResultType. 
        /// The type of the result produced by  
        ///  is null
        /// An instance of . 
        public override TResultType Accept(DbExpressionVisitor visitor) { if (visitor != null) { return visitor.Visit(this); } else { throw EntityUtil.ArgumentNull("visitor"); } }
    }

    ///  
    /// Represents the retrieval of the key value of the specified Reference as a row.
    ///  
    [System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis.SuppressMessage("Microsoft.Naming", "CA1709:IdentifiersShouldBeCasedCorrectly", MessageId = "Db")] 
    public sealed class DbRefKeyExpression : DbUnaryExpression
    { 
        internal DbRefKeyExpression(DbCommandTree cmdTree, DbExpression reference)
            : base(cmdTree, DbExpressionKind.RefKey, reference)
        {
            RefType refType = null; 
            if (!TypeHelpers.TryGetEdmType(this.Argument.ResultType, out refType) || null == refType)
            { 
                throw EntityUtil.Argument(System.Data.Entity.Strings.Cqt_GetRefKey_RefRequired, "Argument"); 
            }
 
            if (null == refType.ElementType)
            {
                throw EntityUtil.Argument(System.Data.Entity.Strings.Cqt_GetRefKey_InvalidRef, "Argument");
            } 

            TypeUsage result = CommandTreeTypeHelper.CreateResultType(TypeHelpers.CreateKeyRowType(refType.ElementType, cmdTree.MetadataWorkspace)); 
            this.ResultType = result; 
        }
 
        /// 
        /// The visitor pattern method for expression visitors that do not produce a result value.
        /// 
        /// An instance of DbExpressionVisitor. 
        ///  is null
        public override void Accept(DbExpressionVisitor visitor) { if (visitor != null) { visitor.Visit(this); } else { throw EntityUtil.ArgumentNull("visitor"); } } 
 
        /// 
        /// The visitor pattern method for expression visitors that produce a result value of a specific type. 
        /// 
        /// An instance of a typed DbExpressionVisitor that produces a result value of type TResultType.
        /// The type of the result produced by 
        ///  is null 
        /// An instance of .
        public override TResultType Accept(DbExpressionVisitor visitor) { if (visitor != null) { return visitor.Visit(this); } else { throw EntityUtil.ArgumentNull("visitor"); } } 
    } 
}

// File provided for Reference Use Only by Microsoft Corporation (c) 2007.
//---------------------------------------------------------------------- 
// 
//      Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.  All rights reserved.
// 
// 
// @owner  [....], [....]
//--------------------------------------------------------------------- 
 
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic; 
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Globalization;

using System.Data.Common; 
using System.Data.Metadata.Edm;
using System.Data.Common.CommandTrees.Internal; 
 
namespace System.Data.Common.CommandTrees
{ 
    #region Boolean Operators
    /// 
    /// Represents the logical And of two Boolean arguments.
    ///  
    /// DbAndExpression requires that both of its arguments have a Boolean result type
    [System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis.SuppressMessage("Microsoft.Naming", "CA1709:IdentifiersShouldBeCasedCorrectly", MessageId = "Db")] 
    public sealed class DbAndExpression : DbBinaryExpression 
    {
        internal DbAndExpression(DbCommandTree commandTree, DbExpression left, DbExpression right) 
            : base(commandTree, DbExpressionKind.And)
        {
            EntityUtil.CheckArgumentNull(left, "Left");
            EntityUtil.CheckArgumentNull(right, "Right"); 

            TypeUsage resultType = TypeHelpers.GetCommonTypeUsage(left.ResultType, right.ResultType); 
            if (null == resultType || !TypeSemantics.IsPrimitiveType(resultType, PrimitiveTypeKind.Boolean)) 
            {
                throw EntityUtil.Argument(System.Data.Entity.Strings.Cqt_And_BooleanArgumentsRequired); 
            }

            //
            // Apply constraints to the left and right arguments and set initial values 
            //
            this.LeftLink.SetExpectedType(left.ResultType); 
            this.LeftLink.InitializeValue(left); 

            this.RightLink.SetExpectedType(right.ResultType); 
            this.RightLink.InitializeValue(right);

            //
            // Result Type is always Boolean 
            //
            this.ResultType = resultType; 
        } 

        ///  
        /// The visitor pattern method for expression visitors that do not produce a result value.
        /// 
        /// An instance of DbExpressionVisitor.
        ///  is null 
        public override void Accept(DbExpressionVisitor visitor) { if (visitor != null) { visitor.Visit(this); } else { throw EntityUtil.ArgumentNull("visitor"); } }
 
        ///  
        /// The visitor pattern method for expression visitors that produce a result value of a specific type.
        ///  
        /// An instance of a typed DbExpressionVisitor that produces a result value of type TResultType.
        /// The type of the result produced by 
        ///  is null
        /// An instance of . 
        public override TResultType Accept(DbExpressionVisitor visitor) { if (visitor != null) { return visitor.Visit(this); } else { throw EntityUtil.ArgumentNull("visitor"); } }
    } 
 
    /// 
    /// Represents the logical Or of two Boolean arguments. 
    /// 
    /// DbOrExpression requires that both of its arguments have a Boolean result type
    [System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis.SuppressMessage("Microsoft.Naming", "CA1709:IdentifiersShouldBeCasedCorrectly", MessageId = "Db")]
    public sealed class DbOrExpression : DbBinaryExpression 
    {
        internal DbOrExpression(DbCommandTree commandTree, DbExpression left, DbExpression right) 
            : base(commandTree, DbExpressionKind.Or) 
        {
            EntityUtil.CheckArgumentNull(left, "Left"); 
            EntityUtil.CheckArgumentNull(right, "Right");

            TypeUsage resultType = TypeHelpers.GetCommonTypeUsage(left.ResultType, right.ResultType);
            if (null == resultType || !TypeSemantics.IsPrimitiveType(resultType, PrimitiveTypeKind.Boolean)) 
            {
                throw EntityUtil.Argument(System.Data.Entity.Strings.Cqt_Or_BooleanArgumentsRequired); 
            } 

            // 
            // Apply constraints to the left and right arguments and set initial values
            //
            this.LeftLink.SetExpectedType(left.ResultType);
            this.LeftLink.InitializeValue(left); 

            this.RightLink.SetExpectedType(right.ResultType); 
            this.RightLink.InitializeValue(right); 

            // 
            // Result Type is always Boolean
            //
            this.ResultType = resultType;
        } 

        ///  
        /// The visitor pattern method for expression visitors that do not produce a result value. 
        /// 
        /// An instance of DbExpressionVisitor. 
        ///  is null
        public override void Accept(DbExpressionVisitor visitor) { if (visitor != null) { visitor.Visit(this); } else { throw EntityUtil.ArgumentNull("visitor"); } }

        ///  
        /// The visitor pattern method for expression visitors that produce a result value of a specific type.
        ///  
        /// An instance of a typed DbExpressionVisitor that produces a result value of type TResultType. 
        /// The type of the result produced by 
        ///  is null 
        /// An instance of .
        public override TResultType Accept(DbExpressionVisitor visitor) { if (visitor != null) { return visitor.Visit(this); } else { throw EntityUtil.ArgumentNull("visitor"); } }
    }
 
    /// 
    /// Represents the logical Not of a single Boolean argument. 
    ///  
    /// DbNotExpression requires that its argument has a Boolean result type
    [System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis.SuppressMessage("Microsoft.Naming", "CA1709:IdentifiersShouldBeCasedCorrectly", MessageId = "Db")] 
    public sealed class DbNotExpression : DbUnaryExpression
    {
        internal DbNotExpression(DbCommandTree commandTree, DbExpression arg)
            : base(commandTree, DbExpressionKind.Not) 
        {
            EntityUtil.CheckArgumentNull(arg, "Argument"); 
 
            //
            // Argument to Not must have Boolean result type 
            //
            if (!TypeSemantics.IsPrimitiveType(arg.ResultType, PrimitiveTypeKind.Boolean))
            {
                throw EntityUtil.Argument(System.Data.Entity.Strings.Cqt_Not_BooleanArgumentRequired); 
            }
 
            this.ArgumentLink.SetExpectedType(arg.ResultType); 
            this.ArgumentLink.InitializeValue(arg);
            this.ResultType = arg.ResultType; 
        }

        /// 
        /// The visitor pattern method for expression visitors that do not produce a result value. 
        /// 
        /// An instance of DbExpressionVisitor. 
        ///  is null 
        public override void Accept(DbExpressionVisitor visitor) { if (visitor != null) { visitor.Visit(this); } else { throw EntityUtil.ArgumentNull("visitor"); } }
 
        /// 
        /// The visitor pattern method for expression visitors that produce a result value of a specific type.
        /// 
        /// An instance of a typed DbExpressionVisitor that produces a result value of type TResultType. 
        /// The type of the result produced by 
        ///  is null 
        /// An instance of . 
        public override TResultType Accept(DbExpressionVisitor visitor) { if (visitor != null) { return visitor.Visit(this); } else { throw EntityUtil.ArgumentNull("visitor"); } }
    } 
    #endregion

    /// 
    /// Represents an arithmetic operation (addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, modulo or negation) applied to two numeric arguments. 
    /// 
    /// DbArithmeticExpression requires that its arguments have a common numeric result type 
    [System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis.SuppressMessage("Microsoft.Naming", "CA1709:IdentifiersShouldBeCasedCorrectly", MessageId = "Db")] 
    public sealed class DbArithmeticExpression : DbExpression
    { 
        private readonly ExpressionList _args;

        internal DbArithmeticExpression(DbCommandTree commandTree, DbExpressionKind kind, IList args)
            : base(commandTree, kind) 
        {
            EntityUtil.CheckArgumentNull(args, "args"); 
 
            Debug.Assert(
                DbExpressionKind.Divide == kind || 
                DbExpressionKind.Minus == kind ||
                DbExpressionKind.Modulo == kind ||
                DbExpressionKind.Multiply == kind ||
                DbExpressionKind.Plus == kind || 
                DbExpressionKind.UnaryMinus == kind,
                "Invalid DbExpressionKind used in DbArithmeticExpression: " + Enum.GetName(typeof(DbExpressionKind), kind) 
            ); 

            Debug.Assert( 
                (DbExpressionKind.UnaryMinus == kind && 1 == args.Count) ||
                2 == args.Count,
                "Incorrect number of arguments specified to DbArithmeticExpression"
            ); 

            // 
            // Construct a new ExpressionList to contain the arguments 
            //
            ExpressionList argList = new ExpressionList("Arguments", commandTree, args.Count); 

            //
            // Set the current elements without constraining the expected element type
            // 
            argList.SetElements(args);
 
            // 
            // Ensure that a numeric common type exists for the arguments
            // 
            TypeUsage commonType = argList.GetCommonElementType();
            if (TypeSemantics.IsNullOrNullType(commonType) || !TypeSemantics.IsNumericType(commonType))
            {
                throw EntityUtil.Argument(System.Data.Entity.Strings.Cqt_Arithmetic_NumericCommonType); 
            }
 
            // 
            // Constrain the type of elements in the list to the common numeric type
            // 
            argList.SetExpectedElementType(commonType);

            this._args = argList;
            this.ResultType = commonType; 
        }
 
        ///  
        /// Gets the list of expressions that define the current arguments.
        ///  
        /// 
        ///     The Arguments property returns a fixed-size list of  elements.
        ///      requires that all elements of it's Arguments list
        ///     have a common numeric result type. 
        /// 
        public IList Arguments { get { return _args; } } 
 
        /// 
        /// The visitor pattern method for expression visitors that do not produce a result value. 
        /// 
        /// An instance of DbExpressionVisitor.
        ///  is null
        public override void Accept(DbExpressionVisitor visitor) { if (visitor != null) { visitor.Visit(this); } else { throw EntityUtil.ArgumentNull("visitor"); } } 

        ///  
        /// The visitor pattern method for expression visitors that produce a result value of a specific type. 
        /// 
        /// An instance of a typed DbExpressionVisitor that produces a result value of type TResultType. 
        /// The type of the result produced by 
        ///  is null
        /// An instance of .
        public override TResultType Accept(DbExpressionVisitor visitor) { if (visitor != null) { return visitor.Visit(this); } else { throw EntityUtil.ArgumentNull("visitor"); } } 
    }
 
    ///  
    /// Represents a Case When...Then...Else logical operation.
    ///  
    [System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis.SuppressMessage("Microsoft.Naming", "CA1709:IdentifiersShouldBeCasedCorrectly", MessageId = "Db")]
    public sealed class DbCaseExpression : DbExpression
    {
        private ExpressionList _when; 
        private ExpressionList _then;
        private ExpressionLink _else; 
 
        internal DbCaseExpression(DbCommandTree cmdTree, IList whens, IList thens, DbExpression elseExpr)
            : base(cmdTree, DbExpressionKind.Case) 
        {
            //
            // Whens/Thens cannot be null
            // (nor can Else, but this is enforced when the 
            // ExpressionLink for the Else property is created, below).
            // 
            EntityUtil.CheckArgumentNull(whens, "whens"); 
            EntityUtil.CheckArgumentNull(thens, "thens");
 
            //
            // The number of 'When's must equal the number of 'Then's.
            //
            if (whens.Count != thens.Count) 
            {
                throw EntityUtil.Argument(System.Data.Entity.Strings.Cqt_Case_WhensMustEqualThens); 
            } 

            // 
            // There must be at least one clause in the case expression.
            //
            if (0 == whens.Count)
            { 
                throw EntityUtil.Argument(System.Data.Entity.Strings.Cqt_Case_AtLeastOneClause);
            } 
 
            //
            // All 'When's must produce a Boolean result, and a common (non-null) result type must exist 
            //
            TypeUsage resultType = null;
            for(int idx = 0; idx < whens.Count; idx++)
            { 
                if (null == thens[idx])
                { 
                    throw EntityUtil.ArgumentNull(CommandTreeUtils.FormatIndex("Thens", idx)); 
                }
 
                if (null == resultType)
                {
                    resultType = thens[idx].ResultType;
                } 
                else
                { 
                    resultType = TypeHelpers.GetCommonTypeUsage(thens[idx].ResultType, resultType); 
                    if (null == resultType)
                    { 
                        break;
                    }
                }
            } 

            if (resultType != null && elseExpr != null) 
            { 
                resultType = TypeHelpers.GetCommonTypeUsage(elseExpr.ResultType, resultType);
            } 

            if (TypeSemantics.IsNullOrNullType(resultType))
            {
                throw EntityUtil.Argument(System.Data.Entity.Strings.Cqt_Case_InvalidResultType); 
            }
 
            // 
            // Initialize the When clauses. Elements must be promotable to Boolean.
            // NullType is specifically not allowed as the Type of a When element. 
            //
            _when = new ExpressionList("When", cmdTree, PrimitiveTypeKind.Boolean, whens);

            // 
            // Initialize the Then clauses. Elements must be promotable to the common result type.
            // 
            _then = new ExpressionList("Then", cmdTree, resultType, thens); 

            // 
            // Initialize the Else clause. Values must be promotable to the common result type.
            //
            _else = new ExpressionLink("Else", cmdTree, resultType, elseExpr);
 
            //
            // The result type of DbCaseExpression is the common result type 
            // 
            this.ResultType = resultType;
        } 

        /// 
        /// Gets the When clauses of this DbCaseExpression.
        ///  
        public IList When { get { return _when; } }
 
        ///  
        /// Gets the Then clauses of this DbCaseExpression.
        ///  
        public IList Then { get { return _then; } }

        /// 
        /// Gets or sets the Else clause of this DbCaseExpression. 
        /// 
        /// The expression is null 
        ///  
        ///     The expression is not associated with the DbCaseExpression's command tree,
        ///     or its result type is not equal or promotable to the result type of the DbCaseExpression 
        /// 
        public DbExpression Else { get { return _else.Expression; } /*CQT_PUBLIC_API(*/internal/*)*/ set { _else.Expression = value; } }

        ///  
        /// The visitor pattern method for expression visitors that do not produce a result value.
        ///  
        /// An instance of DbExpressionVisitor. 
        ///  is null
        public override void Accept(DbExpressionVisitor visitor) { if (visitor != null) { visitor.Visit(this); } else { throw EntityUtil.ArgumentNull("visitor"); } } 

        /// 
        /// The visitor pattern method for expression visitors that produce a result value of a specific type.
        ///  
        /// An instance of a typed DbExpressionVisitor that produces a result value of type TResultType.
        /// The type of the result produced by  
        ///  is null 
        /// An instance of .
        public override TResultType Accept(DbExpressionVisitor visitor) { if (visitor != null) { return visitor.Visit(this); } else { throw EntityUtil.ArgumentNull("visitor"); } } 
    }

    /// 
    /// Represents a cast operation applied to a polymorphic argument. 
    /// 
    [System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis.SuppressMessage("Microsoft.Naming", "CA1709:IdentifiersShouldBeCasedCorrectly", MessageId = "Db")] 
    public sealed class DbCastExpression : DbUnaryExpression 
    {
        internal DbCastExpression(DbCommandTree cmdTree, TypeUsage type, DbExpression arg) 
            : base(cmdTree, DbExpressionKind.Cast)
        {
            //
            // Verify the type to cast to. Casting to NullType is not allowed 
            //
            cmdTree.TypeHelper.CheckType(type); 
 
            //
            // Verify that the cast is allowed 
            //
            if (!TypeSemantics.IsCastAllowed(arg.ResultType, type))
            {
                throw EntityUtil.Argument(System.Data.Entity.Strings.Cqt_Cast_InvalidCast(TypeHelpers.GetFullName(arg.ResultType), TypeHelpers.GetFullName(type))); 
            }
 
            // 
            // Set the Argument constraints and initialize the argument value
            // 
            this.ArgumentLink.InitializeValue(arg);
            this.ArgumentLink.SetExpectedType(arg.ResultType);
            this.ResultType = type;
        } 

        ///  
        /// The visitor pattern method for expression visitors that do not produce a result value. 
        /// 
        /// An instance of DbExpressionVisitor. 
        ///  is null
        public override void Accept(DbExpressionVisitor visitor) { if (visitor != null) { visitor.Visit(this); } else { throw EntityUtil.ArgumentNull("visitor"); } }

        ///  
        /// The visitor pattern method for expression visitors that produce a result value of a specific type.
        ///  
        /// An instance of a typed DbExpressionVisitor that produces a result value of type TResultType. 
        /// The type of the result produced by 
        ///  is null 
        /// An instance of .
        public override TResultType Accept(DbExpressionVisitor visitor) { if (visitor != null) { return visitor.Visit(this); } else { throw EntityUtil.ArgumentNull("visitor"); } }
    }
 
    /// 
    /// Represents a comparison operation (equality, greater than, greather than or equal, less than, less than or equal, inequality) applied to two arguments. 
    ///  
    /// 
    ///     DbComparisonExpression requires that its arguments have a common result type 
    ///     that is equality comparable (for .Equals and .NotEquals),
    ///     order comparable (for .GreaterThan and .LessThan),
    ///     or both (for .GreaterThanOrEquals and .LessThanOrEquals).
    ///  
    [System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis.SuppressMessage("Microsoft.Naming", "CA1709:IdentifiersShouldBeCasedCorrectly", MessageId = "Db")]
    public sealed class DbComparisonExpression : DbBinaryExpression 
    { 
        internal DbComparisonExpression(DbCommandTree commandTree, DbExpressionKind kind, DbExpression left, DbExpression right)
            : base(commandTree, kind) 
        {
            Debug.Assert(
                DbExpressionKind.Equals == kind ||
                DbExpressionKind.LessThan == kind || 
                DbExpressionKind.LessThanOrEquals == kind ||
                DbExpressionKind.GreaterThan == kind || 
                DbExpressionKind.GreaterThanOrEquals == kind || 
                DbExpressionKind.NotEquals == kind,
                "Invalid DbExpressionKind used in DbComparisonExpression: " + Enum.GetName(typeof(DbExpressionKind), kind) 
            );

            //
            // Initialize the Left and Right arguments to perform Null value and NullType checking 
            //
            this.LeftLink.InitializeValue(left); 
            this.RightLink.InitializeValue(right); 

            // 
            // Ensure that the types of the arguments are comparable
            //
            this.CheckComparison(left, right);
 
            //
            // Register for notifications that the left or right argument is changing. 
            // The arguments can be freely substituted provided that when a value is changed, 
            // the result type of the new expression value and the result type of the unchanged argument are comparable.
            // 
            this.LeftLink.ValueChanging += new ExpressionLinkConstraint(this.ArgumentChanging);
            this.RightLink.ValueChanging += new ExpressionLinkConstraint(this.ArgumentChanging);

            // 
            // Result Type is always Boolean
            // 
            this.ResultType = commandTree.TypeHelper.CreateBooleanResultType(); 
        }
 
        /// 
        /// The visitor pattern method for expression visitors that do not produce a result value.
        /// 
        /// An instance of DbExpressionVisitor. 
        ///  is null
        public override void Accept(DbExpressionVisitor visitor) { if (visitor != null) { visitor.Visit(this); } else { throw EntityUtil.ArgumentNull("visitor"); } } 
 
        /// 
        /// The visitor pattern method for expression visitors that produce a result value of a specific type. 
        /// 
        /// An instance of a typed DbExpressionVisitor that produces a result value of type TResultType.
        /// The type of the result produced by 
        ///  is null 
        /// An instance of .
        public override TResultType Accept(DbExpressionVisitor visitor) { if (visitor != null) { return visitor.Visit(this); } else { throw EntityUtil.ArgumentNull("visitor"); } } 
 
        private void ArgumentChanging(ExpressionLink link, DbExpression newValue)
        { 
            //
            // If the Left expression is changing then the Right expression should be compared
            // to the new value, and vice-versa.
            // 
            if (this.LeftLink == link)
            { 
                this.CheckComparison(newValue, this.Right); 
            }
            else 
            {
                this.CheckComparison(this.Left, newValue);
            }
        } 

        private void CheckComparison(DbExpression left, DbExpression right) 
        { 
            //
            // A comparison of the specified kind must exist between the left and right arguments 
            //
            bool equality = true;
            bool order = true;
            if (DbExpressionKind.GreaterThanOrEquals == this.ExpressionKind || 
                DbExpressionKind.LessThanOrEquals == this.ExpressionKind)
            { 
                equality = TypeSemantics.IsEqualComparableTo(left.ResultType, right.ResultType); 
                order = TypeSemantics.IsOrderComparableTo(left.ResultType, right.ResultType);
            } 
            else if (DbExpressionKind.Equals == this.ExpressionKind ||
                     DbExpressionKind.NotEquals == this.ExpressionKind)
            {
                equality = TypeSemantics.IsEqualComparableTo(left.ResultType, right.ResultType); 
            }
            else 
            { 
                order = TypeSemantics.IsOrderComparableTo(left.ResultType, right.ResultType);
            } 

            if(!equality || !order)
            {
                throw EntityUtil.Argument(System.Data.Entity.Strings.Cqt_Comparison_ComparableRequired); 
            }
        } 
    } 

    ///  
    /// Represents empty set determination applied to a single set argument.
    /// 
    [System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis.SuppressMessage("Microsoft.Naming", "CA1709:IdentifiersShouldBeCasedCorrectly", MessageId = "Db")]
    public sealed class DbIsEmptyExpression : DbUnaryExpression 
    {
        internal DbIsEmptyExpression(DbCommandTree cmdTree, DbExpression arg) 
            : base(cmdTree, DbExpressionKind.IsEmpty, arg) 
        {
            // 
            // Ensure that the Argument is of a collection type
            //
            this.CheckCollectionArgument();
 
            //
            // Result Type is always Boolean 
            // 
            this.ResultType = cmdTree.TypeHelper.CreateBooleanResultType();
        } 

        /// 
        /// The visitor pattern method for expression visitors that do not produce a result value.
        ///  
        /// An instance of DbExpressionVisitor.
        ///  is null 
        public override void Accept(DbExpressionVisitor visitor) { if (visitor != null) { visitor.Visit(this); } else { throw EntityUtil.ArgumentNull("visitor"); } } 

        ///  
        /// The visitor pattern method for expression visitors that produce a result value of a specific type.
        /// 
        /// An instance of a typed DbExpressionVisitor that produces a result value of type TResultType.
        /// The type of the result produced by  
        ///  is null
        /// An instance of . 
        public override TResultType Accept(DbExpressionVisitor visitor) { if (visitor != null) { return visitor.Visit(this); } else { throw EntityUtil.ArgumentNull("visitor"); } } 
    }
 
    /// 
    /// Represents null determination applied to a single argument.
    /// 
    [System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis.SuppressMessage("Microsoft.Naming", "CA1709:IdentifiersShouldBeCasedCorrectly", MessageId = "Db")] 
    public sealed class DbIsNullExpression : DbUnaryExpression
    { 
        internal DbIsNullExpression(DbCommandTree cmdTree, DbExpression arg, bool isRowTypeArgumentAllowed) 
            : base(cmdTree, DbExpressionKind.IsNull)
        { 
            //
            // The argument cannot be of a collection type
            //
            if (TypeSemantics.IsCollectionType(arg.ResultType)) 
            {
                throw EntityUtil.Argument(System.Data.Entity.Strings.Cqt_IsNull_CollectionNotAllowed); 
            } 

            // 
            // ensure argument type is valid for this operation
            //
            if (!TypeHelpers.IsValidIsNullOpType(arg.ResultType) && (!isRowTypeArgumentAllowed || !TypeSemantics.IsRowType(arg.ResultType)))
            { 
                throw EntityUtil.Argument(System.Data.Entity.Strings.Cqt_IsNull_InvalidType);
            } 
 
            //
            // Set the Argument constraints and initialize the Argument value 
            // ArgumentLink.SetExpectedType is not called - any expression can be substituted freely for the argument expression
            //
            this.ArgumentLink.InitializeValue(arg);
 
            //
            // Result Type is always Boolean 
            // 
            this.ResultType = cmdTree.TypeHelper.CreateBooleanResultType();
        } 

        /// 
        /// The visitor pattern method for expression visitors that do not produce a result value.
        ///  
        /// An instance of DbExpressionVisitor.
        ///  is null 
        public override void Accept(DbExpressionVisitor visitor) { if (visitor != null) { visitor.Visit(this); } else { throw EntityUtil.ArgumentNull("visitor"); } } 

        ///  
        /// The visitor pattern method for expression visitors that produce a result value of a specific type.
        /// 
        /// An instance of a typed DbExpressionVisitor that produces a result value of type TResultType.
        /// The type of the result produced by  
        ///  is null
        /// An instance of . 
        public override TResultType Accept(DbExpressionVisitor visitor) { if (visitor != null) { return visitor.Visit(this); } else { throw EntityUtil.ArgumentNull("visitor"); } } 
    }
 
    /// 
    /// Represents the type comparison of a single argument against the specified type.
    /// 
    [System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis.SuppressMessage("Microsoft.Naming", "CA1709:IdentifiersShouldBeCasedCorrectly", MessageId = "Db")] 
    public sealed class DbIsOfExpression : DbUnaryExpression
    { 
        private TypeUsage _ofType; 

        internal DbIsOfExpression(DbCommandTree cmdTree, DbExpressionKind isOfKind, TypeUsage type, DbExpression arg) 
            : base(cmdTree, isOfKind)
        {
            Debug.Assert(DbExpressionKind.IsOf == this.ExpressionKind || DbExpressionKind.IsOfOnly == this.ExpressionKind, string.Format(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture, "Invalid DbExpressionKind used in DbIsOfExpression: {0}", Enum.GetName(typeof(DbExpressionKind), this.ExpressionKind)));
 
            //
            // Ensure the ofType is non-null, associated with the correct metadata workspace/dataspace, 
            // is not NullType, and is polymorphic 
            //
            cmdTree.TypeHelper.CheckPolymorphicType(type); 

            //
            // Verify that the IsOf operation is allowed
            // 
            if (!TypeSemantics.IsValidPolymorphicCast(arg.ResultType, type))
            { 
                throw EntityUtil.Argument(System.Data.Entity.Strings.Cqt_General_PolymorphicArgRequired(this.GetType().Name)); 
            }
 
            _ofType = type;

            //
            // Set the Argument constraints and initialize the Argument value 
            //
            this.ArgumentLink.SetExpectedType(arg.ResultType); 
            this.ArgumentLink.InitializeValue(arg); 

            // 
            // Return type is always Boolean
            //
            this.ResultType = cmdTree.TypeHelper.CreateBooleanResultType();
        } 

        ///  
        /// Gets the type metadata that the type metadata of the argument should be compared to. 
        /// 
        public TypeUsage OfType 
        {
            get { return _ofType; }
        }
 
        /// 
        /// The visitor pattern method for expression visitors that do not produce a result value. 
        ///  
        /// An instance of DbExpressionVisitor.
        ///  is null 
        public override void Accept(DbExpressionVisitor visitor) { if (visitor != null) { visitor.Visit(this); } else { throw EntityUtil.ArgumentNull("visitor"); } }

        /// 
        /// The visitor pattern method for expression visitors that produce a result value of a specific type. 
        /// 
        /// An instance of a typed DbExpressionVisitor that produces a result value of type TResultType. 
        /// The type of the result produced by  
        ///  is null
        /// An instance of . 
        public override TResultType Accept(DbExpressionVisitor visitor) { if (visitor != null) { return visitor.Visit(this); } else { throw EntityUtil.ArgumentNull("visitor"); } }
    }

    ///  
    /// Represents the retrieval of elements of the specified type from the given set argument.
    ///  
    [System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis.SuppressMessage("Microsoft.Naming", "CA1709:IdentifiersShouldBeCasedCorrectly", MessageId = "Db")] 
    public sealed class DbOfTypeExpression : DbUnaryExpression
    { 
        private TypeUsage _ofType;

        internal DbOfTypeExpression(DbCommandTree cmdTree, DbExpressionKind ofTypeKind, TypeUsage type, DbExpression arg)
            : base(cmdTree, ofTypeKind, arg) 
        {
            Debug.Assert(DbExpressionKind.OfType == ofTypeKind || 
                         DbExpressionKind.OfTypeOnly == ofTypeKind, 
                         "ExpressionKind for DbOfTypeExpression must be OfType or OfTypeOnly");
 
            //
            // Ensure that the type is non-null and valid - from the same metadata collection and dataspace and the command tree.
            // The type is also not allowed to be NullType.
            // 
            cmdTree.TypeHelper.CheckPolymorphicType(type);
 
            // 
            // Ensure that the argument is actually of a collection type.
            // 
            this.CheckCollectionArgument();

            //
            // Verify that the OfType operation is allowed 
            //
#if DEBUG 
            CollectionType argCollType = null; 
            bool isCollType = TypeHelpers.TryGetEdmType(arg.ResultType, out argCollType);
            Debug.Assert(isCollType && argCollType != null, "DbUnaryExpression.CheckCollectionArgument allowed non-collection argument"); 
#endif
            TypeUsage elementType = null;
            if( !TypeHelpers.TryGetCollectionElementType(arg.ResultType, out elementType) ||
                !TypeSemantics.IsValidPolymorphicCast(elementType, type)) 
            {
                throw EntityUtil.Argument(System.Data.Entity.Strings.Cqt_General_PolymorphicArgRequired(this.GetType().Name)); 
            } 

            // 
            // The type of this DbExpression is a new collection type based on the requested element type.
            //
            this.ResultType = CommandTreeTypeHelper.CreateCollectionResultType(type);
 
            //
            // Assign the requested element type to the OfType property. 
            // 
            _ofType = type;
        } 

        /// 
        /// Gets the metadata of the type of elements that should be retrieved from the set argument.
        ///  
        public TypeUsage OfType
        { 
            get { return _ofType; } 
        }
 
        /// 
        /// The visitor pattern method for expression visitors that do not produce a result value.
        /// 
        /// An instance of DbExpressionVisitor. 
        ///  is null
        public override void Accept(DbExpressionVisitor visitor) { if (visitor != null) { visitor.Visit(this); } else { throw EntityUtil.ArgumentNull("visitor"); } } 
 
        /// 
        /// The visitor pattern method for expression visitors that produce a result value of a specific type. 
        /// 
        /// An instance of a typed DbExpressionVisitor that produces a result value of type TResultType.
        /// The type of the result produced by 
        ///  is null 
        /// An instance of .
        public override TResultType Accept(DbExpressionVisitor visitor) { if (visitor != null) { return visitor.Visit(this); } else { throw EntityUtil.ArgumentNull("visitor"); } } 
    } 

    ///  
    /// Represents the type conversion of a single argument to the specified type.
    /// 
    [System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis.SuppressMessage("Microsoft.Naming", "CA1709:IdentifiersShouldBeCasedCorrectly", MessageId = "Db")]
    public sealed class DbTreatExpression : DbUnaryExpression 
    {
        internal DbTreatExpression(DbCommandTree cmdTree, TypeUsage type, DbExpression arg) 
            : base(cmdTree, DbExpressionKind.Treat) 
        {
            // 
            // Verify the type to treat as. Treat-As (NullType) is not allowed.
            //
            cmdTree.TypeHelper.CheckPolymorphicType(type);
 
            //
            // Verify that the Treat operation is allowed 
            // 
            if (!TypeSemantics.IsValidPolymorphicCast(arg.ResultType, type))
            { 
                throw EntityUtil.Argument(System.Data.Entity.Strings.Cqt_General_PolymorphicArgRequired(this.GetType().Name));
            }

            // 
            // Set the Argument constraints and initialize the Argument value
            // 
            this.ArgumentLink.InitializeValue(arg); 
            this.ArgumentLink.SetExpectedType(arg.ResultType);
 
            this.ResultType = type;
        }

        ///  
        /// The visitor pattern method for expression visitors that do not produce a result value.
        ///  
        /// An instance of DbExpressionVisitor. 
        ///  is null
        public override void Accept(DbExpressionVisitor visitor) { if (visitor != null) { visitor.Visit(this); } else { throw EntityUtil.ArgumentNull("visitor"); } } 

        /// 
        /// The visitor pattern method for expression visitors that produce a result value of a specific type.
        ///  
        /// An instance of a typed DbExpressionVisitor that produces a result value of type TResultType.
        /// The type of the result produced by  
        ///  is null 
        /// An instance of .
        public override TResultType Accept(DbExpressionVisitor visitor) { if (visitor != null) { return visitor.Visit(this); } else { throw EntityUtil.ArgumentNull("visitor"); } } 
    }

    /// 
    /// Represents a string comparison against the specified pattern with an optional escape string 
    /// 
    [System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis.SuppressMessage("Microsoft.Naming", "CA1709:IdentifiersShouldBeCasedCorrectly", MessageId = "Db")] 
    public sealed class DbLikeExpression : DbExpression 
    {
        private ExpressionLink _argument; 
        private ExpressionLink _pattern;
        private ExpressionLink _escape;

        internal DbLikeExpression(DbCommandTree cmdTree, DbExpression input, DbExpression pattern, DbExpression escape) 
            : base(cmdTree, DbExpressionKind.Like)
        { 
            _argument = new ExpressionLink("Argument", cmdTree, PrimitiveTypeKind.String, input); 
            _pattern = new ExpressionLink("Pattern", cmdTree, PrimitiveTypeKind.String, pattern);
 
            if (null == escape)
            {
                // The default escape sequence is null - not the empty string
                escape = cmdTree.CreateNullExpression(pattern.ResultType); 
            }
 
            _escape = new ExpressionLink("Escape", cmdTree, PrimitiveTypeKind.String, escape); 

            this.ResultType = cmdTree.TypeHelper.CreateBooleanResultType(); 
        }

        /// 
        /// Gets or sets an expression that specifies the string to compare against the given pattern 
        /// 
        /// The expression is null 
        ///  
        ///     The expression is not associated with the DbLikeExpression's command tree,
        ///     or its result type is not a string type. 
        /// 
        public DbExpression Argument { get { return _argument.Expression; } /*CQT_PUBLIC_API(*/internal/*)*/ set { _argument.Expression = value; } }

        ///  
        /// Gets or sets an expression that specifies the pattern against which the given string should be compared
        ///  
        /// The expression is null 
        /// 
        ///     The expression is not associated with the DbLikeExpression's command tree, 
        ///     or its result type is not a string type.
        /// 
        public DbExpression Pattern { get { return _pattern.Expression; } /*CQT_PUBLIC_API(*/internal/*)*/ set { _pattern.Expression = value; } }
 
        /// 
        /// Gets or sets an expression that provides an optional escape string to use for the comparison 
        ///  
        /// The expression is null
        ///  
        ///     The expression is not associated with the DbLikeExpression's command tree,
        ///     or its result type is not a string type.
        /// 
        public DbExpression Escape { get { return _escape.Expression; } /*CQT_PUBLIC_API(*/internal/*)*/ set { _escape.Expression = value; } } 

        ///  
        /// The visitor pattern method for expression visitors that do not produce a result value. 
        /// 
        /// An instance of DbExpressionVisitor. 
        ///  is null
        public override void Accept(DbExpressionVisitor visitor) { if (visitor != null) { visitor.Visit(this); } else { throw EntityUtil.ArgumentNull("visitor"); } }

        ///  
        /// The visitor pattern method for expression visitors that produce a result value of a specific type.
        ///  
        /// An instance of a typed DbExpressionVisitor that produces a result value of type TResultType. 
        /// The type of the result produced by 
        ///  is null 
        /// An instance of .
        public override TResultType Accept(DbExpressionVisitor visitor) { if (visitor != null) { return visitor.Visit(this); } else { throw EntityUtil.ArgumentNull("visitor"); } }
    }
 
    /// 
    /// Represents the retrieval of a reference to the specified Entity as a Ref. 
    ///  
    [System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis.SuppressMessage("Microsoft.Naming", "CA1709:IdentifiersShouldBeCasedCorrectly", MessageId = "Db")]
    public sealed class DbEntityRefExpression : DbUnaryExpression 
    {
        internal DbEntityRefExpression(DbCommandTree cmdTree, DbExpression entity)
            : base(cmdTree, DbExpressionKind.EntityRef, entity)
        { 
            EntityType entityType = null;
            if (!TypeHelpers.TryGetEdmType(this.Argument.ResultType, out entityType) || null == entityType) 
            { 
                throw EntityUtil.Argument(System.Data.Entity.Strings.Cqt_GetEntityRef_EntityRequired, "Argument");
            } 

            this.ResultType = CommandTreeTypeHelper.CreateReferenceResultType(entityType);
        }
 
        /// 
        /// The visitor pattern method for expression visitors that do not produce a result value. 
        ///  
        /// An instance of DbExpressionVisitor.
        ///  is null 
        public override void Accept(DbExpressionVisitor visitor) { if (visitor != null) { visitor.Visit(this); } else { throw EntityUtil.ArgumentNull("visitor"); } }

        /// 
        /// The visitor pattern method for expression visitors that produce a result value of a specific type. 
        /// 
        /// An instance of a typed DbExpressionVisitor that produces a result value of type TResultType. 
        /// The type of the result produced by  
        ///  is null
        /// An instance of . 
        public override TResultType Accept(DbExpressionVisitor visitor) { if (visitor != null) { return visitor.Visit(this); } else { throw EntityUtil.ArgumentNull("visitor"); } }
    }

    ///  
    /// Represents the retrieval of the key value of the specified Reference as a row.
    ///  
    [System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis.SuppressMessage("Microsoft.Naming", "CA1709:IdentifiersShouldBeCasedCorrectly", MessageId = "Db")] 
    public sealed class DbRefKeyExpression : DbUnaryExpression
    { 
        internal DbRefKeyExpression(DbCommandTree cmdTree, DbExpression reference)
            : base(cmdTree, DbExpressionKind.RefKey, reference)
        {
            RefType refType = null; 
            if (!TypeHelpers.TryGetEdmType(this.Argument.ResultType, out refType) || null == refType)
            { 
                throw EntityUtil.Argument(System.Data.Entity.Strings.Cqt_GetRefKey_RefRequired, "Argument"); 
            }
 
            if (null == refType.ElementType)
            {
                throw EntityUtil.Argument(System.Data.Entity.Strings.Cqt_GetRefKey_InvalidRef, "Argument");
            } 

            TypeUsage result = CommandTreeTypeHelper.CreateResultType(TypeHelpers.CreateKeyRowType(refType.ElementType, cmdTree.MetadataWorkspace)); 
            this.ResultType = result; 
        }
 
        /// 
        /// The visitor pattern method for expression visitors that do not produce a result value.
        /// 
        /// An instance of DbExpressionVisitor. 
        ///  is null
        public override void Accept(DbExpressionVisitor visitor) { if (visitor != null) { visitor.Visit(this); } else { throw EntityUtil.ArgumentNull("visitor"); } } 
 
        /// 
        /// The visitor pattern method for expression visitors that produce a result value of a specific type. 
        /// 
        /// An instance of a typed DbExpressionVisitor that produces a result value of type TResultType.
        /// The type of the result produced by 
        ///  is null 
        /// An instance of .
        public override TResultType Accept(DbExpressionVisitor visitor) { if (visitor != null) { return visitor.Visit(this); } else { throw EntityUtil.ArgumentNull("visitor"); } } 
    } 
}

// File provided for Reference Use Only by Microsoft Corporation (c) 2007.

                        

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