WeakEventManager.cs source code in C# .NET

Source code for the .NET framework in C#

                        

Code:

/ Net / Net / 3.5.50727.3053 / DEVDIV / depot / DevDiv / releases / Orcas / SP / wpf / src / Base / System / Windows / WeakEventManager.cs / 1 / WeakEventManager.cs

                            //---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
//
// 
//    Copyright (C) Microsoft Corporation.  All rights reserved.
//  
//
// Description: Base class for event managers in the "weak event listener" 
//              pattern. 
//
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------- 

/***************************************************************************\
    The standard mechanism for listening to events contains an inherent
    potential memory leak.  This class (and its derived classes) and the 
    related class WeakEventTable provide a workaround.
 
    The leak occurs when all the following conditions hold: 
        a. Object A wants to listen to an event Foo from object B.
        b. A uses an instance method (not a static method) as its event handler. 
        c. A's lifetime should not depend on B's.
        d. A does not know when to stop listening (or A should keep listening
            as long as it lives).
 
    Normally, A listens by adding an event handler to B's Foo event:
                B.Foo += new FooEventHandler(OnFoo); 
    but the handler contains a strong reference to A, and thus B now effectively 
    has a strong reference to A.  Because of (d), this reference keeps A
    alive at least as long as B, which is a leak because of (c). 

    The solution to this kind of leak is to introduce an intermediate "proxy"
    object P with the following properties:
        1. P does the actual listening to B. 
        2. P maintains a list of "real listeners" such as A, using weak references.
        3. When P receives an event, it forwards it to the real listeners that 
            are still alive. 
        4. P's lifetime is expected to be as long as the app (or Dispatcher).
 
    This replaces the strong reference from B to A by a strong reference from
    B to P and a weak reference from P to A.  Thus B's lifetime will not affect A's.
    The only object that can leak is P, but this is OK because of (d).
 
    In the implementation of this idea, the role of P is played by a singleton
    instance of a class derived from WeakEventManager.  There is one such class 
    for each event declaration.  The global WeakEventTable keeps track of the 
    manager instances.
 
    The implementation also fulfills the following additional requirements:
        5. Events can be raised (and hence delivered) on any thread.
        6. Each event is delivered to all the listeners present at the time
            P receives the event, even if a listener modifies the list (e.g. 
            by removing itself or another listener, or adding a new listener).
        7. P does not hold a strong reference to the event source B. 
        8. P automatically purges its list of dead entries (where either the 
            source or the listener has died and been GC'd).  This is done
            frequently enough to avoid large "leaks" of entries that are 
            dead but not yet discovered, but not so frequently that the cost
            of purging becomes a noticeable perf hit.
        9. New events can be easily added to the system, by defining a new
            derived class and implementing a few simple methods. 

\***************************************************************************/ 
 
using System;
using System.Diagnostics;           // Debug 
using System.Collections;           // Hashtable
using System.Threading;             // Interlocked
using System.Windows;               // SR
using System.Windows.Threading;     // DispatcherObject 
using MS.Utility;                   // FrugalList
using MS.Internal;                  // Invariant 
using MS.Internal.WindowsBase;      // [FriendAccessAllowed] 

namespace System.Windows 
{
    //
    //  See WeakEventManagerTemplate.cs for instructions on how to subclass
    //  this abstract base class. 
    //
 
    ///  
    /// This base class provides common functionality for event managers,
    /// in support of the "weak event listener" pattern. 
    /// 
    public abstract class WeakEventManager : DispatcherObject
    {
        #region Constructors 

        // 
        //  Constructors 
        //
 
        /// 
        /// Create a new instance of WeakEventManager.
        /// 
        protected WeakEventManager() 
        {
            _table = WeakEventTable.CurrentWeakEventTable; 
        } 

        #endregion Constructors 

        #region Protected Properties

        // 
        //  Protected Properties
        // 
 
        /// 
        /// Take a read-lock on the table, and return the IDisposable. 
        /// Queries to the table should occur within a
        /// "using (ReadLock) { ... }" clause, except for queries
        /// that are already within a write lock.
        ///  
        protected IDisposable ReadLock
        { 
            get { return Table.ReadLock; } 
        }
 
        /// 
        /// Take a write-lock on the table, and return the IDisposable.
        /// All modifications to the table should occur within a
        /// "using (WriteLock) { ... }" clause. 
        /// 
        protected IDisposable WriteLock 
        { 
            get { return Table.WriteLock; }
        } 

        /// 
        /// The data associated with the given source.  Subclasses chose
        /// what to store here;  most commonly it is a ListenerList - a list 
        /// of weak references to listeners.
        ///  
        protected object this[object source] 
        {
            get { return Table[this, source]; } 
            set { Table[this, source] = value; }
        }

        #endregion Protected Properties 

        #region Protected Methods 
 
        //
        //  Protected Methods 
        //

        /// 
        /// Listen to the given source for the event. 
        /// 
        protected abstract void StartListening(object source); 
 
        /// 
        /// Stop listening to the given source for the event. 
        /// 
        protected abstract void StopListening(object source);

        ///  
        /// Get the current manager for the given manager type.
        ///  
        protected static WeakEventManager GetCurrentManager(Type managerType) 
        {
            WeakEventTable table = WeakEventTable.CurrentWeakEventTable; 
            return table[managerType];
        }

        ///  
        /// Set the current manager for the given manager type.
        ///  
        protected static void SetCurrentManager(Type managerType, WeakEventManager manager) 
        {
            WeakEventTable table = WeakEventTable.CurrentWeakEventTable; 
            table[managerType] = manager;
        }

        ///  
        /// Discard the data associated with the given source
        ///  
        protected void Remove(object source) 
        {
            Table.Remove(this, source); 
        }

        /// 
        /// Add a listener to the given source for the event. 
        /// 
        protected void ProtectedAddListener(object source, IWeakEventListener listener) 
        { 
            Debug.Assert(listener != null && source != null, "Listener and source of event cannot be null");
 
            using (Table.WriteLock)
            {
                ListenerList list = (ListenerList)Table[this, source];
 
                if (list == null)
                { 
                    // no entry in the table - add a new one 
                    list = new ListenerList();
                    Table[this, source] = list; 

                    // listen for the desired event
                    StartListening(source);
                } 

                // make sure list is ready for writing 
                if (ListenerList.PrepareForWriting(ref list)) 
                {
                    Table[this, source] = list; 
                }

                // add a target to the list of listeners
                list.Add(listener); 

                // schedule a cleanup pass (heuristic (b) described above) 
                ScheduleCleanup(); 
            }
        } 

        /// 
        /// Remove a listener to the given source for the event.
        ///  
        protected void ProtectedRemoveListener(object source, IWeakEventListener listener)
        { 
            Debug.Assert(listener != null, "Event listener cannot be null"); 

            // the source may have been GC'd 
            if (source == null)
                return;

            using (Table.WriteLock) 
            {
                ListenerList list = (ListenerList)Table[this, source]; 
 
                if (list != null)
                { 
                    // make sure list is ready for writing
                    if (ListenerList.PrepareForWriting(ref list))
                    {
                        Table[this, source] = list; 
                    }
 
                    // remove the target from the list of listeners 
                    list.Remove(listener);
 
                    // after removing the last listener, stop listening
                    if (list.IsEmpty)
                    {
                        Table.Remove(this, source); 

                        StopListening(source); 
                    } 
                }
            } 
        }

        /// 
        /// Deliver an event to each listener. 
        /// 
        protected void DeliverEvent(object sender, EventArgs args) 
        { 
            ListenerList list;
 
            // get the list of listeners
            using (Table.ReadLock)
            {
                list = (ListenerList)Table[this, sender]; 
                if (list == null)
                { 
                    list = ListenerList.Empty; 
                }
 
                // mark the list "in use", even outside the read lock,
                // so that any writers will know not to modify it (they'll
                // modify a clone intead).
                list.BeginUse(); 
            }
 
            // deliver the event, being sure to undo the effect of BeginUse(). 
            try
            { 
                DeliverEventToList(sender, args, list);
            }
            finally
            { 
                list.EndUse();
            } 
        } 

        ///  
        /// Deliver an event to the listeners on the given list
        /// 
        protected void DeliverEventToList(object sender, EventArgs args, ListenerList list)
        { 
            bool foundStaleEntries = false;
            Type managerType = this.GetType(); 
 
            // deliver the event
            for (int k=0, n=list.Count; k
        /// Schedule a cleanup pass. 
        /// 
        protected void ScheduleCleanup() 
        { 
            Table.ScheduleCleanup();
        } 

        /// 
        /// Remove dead entries from the data for the given source.   Returns true if
        /// some entries were actually removed. 
        /// 
        protected virtual bool Purge(object source, object data, bool purgeAll) 
        { 
            bool foundDirt = false;
 
            bool removeList = purgeAll || source == null;

            // remove dead entries from the list
            if (!removeList) 
            {
                ListenerList list = (ListenerList)data; 
 
                if (ListenerList.PrepareForWriting(ref list) && source != null)
                { 
                    Table[this, source] = list;
                }

                if (list.Purge()) 
                    foundDirt = true;
 
                removeList = list.IsEmpty; 
            }
 
            // if the list is no longer needed, stop listening to the event
            if (removeList)
            {
                if (source != null) // source may have been GC'd 
                {
                    StopListening(source); 
 
                    // remove the list completely (in the purgeAll case, we'll do it later)
                    if (!purgeAll) 
                    {
                        Table.Remove(this, source);
                        foundDirt = true;
                    } 
                }
            } 
 
            return foundDirt;
        } 

        #endregion Protected Methods

        #region Internal Methods 

        // 
        //  Internal Methods 
        //
 
        // this should only be called by WeakEventTable
        internal bool PurgeInternal(object source, object data, bool purgeAll)
        {
            return Purge(source, data, purgeAll); 
        }
 
        // for use by test programs (e.g. leak detectors) that want to force 
        // a cleanup pass.
        [FriendAccessAllowed]   // defined in Base, used by Framework 
        internal static bool Cleanup()
        {
            return WeakEventTable.Cleanup();
        } 

        // for use by test programs (e.g. perf tests) that want to disable 
        // cleanup passes temporarily. 
        [FriendAccessAllowed]   // defined in Base, used by Framework
        internal static void SetCleanupEnabled(bool value) 
        {
            WeakEventTable.CurrentWeakEventTable.IsCleanupEnabled = value;
        }
 
        #endregion Internal Methods
 
        #region Private Properties 

        // 
        //  Private Properties
        //

        private WeakEventTable Table 
        {
            get { return _table; } 
        } 

        #endregion Private Properties 

        #region Private Fields

        // 
        //  Private Fields
        // 
 
        private WeakEventTable  _table;
 
        #endregion Private Fields

        #region ListenerList
 
        /// 
        /// This class implements the most common data that a simple manager 
        /// might want to store for a given source:  a list of weak references 
        /// to the listeners.
        ///  
        protected class ListenerList
        {
            /// 
            /// Create a new instance of ListenerList. 
            /// 
            public ListenerList() : this(new FrugalObjectList()) 
            { 
            }
 
            /// 
            /// Create a new instance of ListenerList, with given capacity.
            /// 
            public ListenerList(int capacity) : this(new FrugalObjectList(capacity)) 
            {
            } 
 
            private ListenerList(FrugalObjectList list)
            { 
                _list = list;
            }

            ///  
            /// Return the listener at the given index.
            ///  
            public IWeakEventListener this[int index] 
            {
                get { return (IWeakEventListener)_list[index].Target; } 
            }

            /// 
            /// Return the number of listeners. 
            /// 
            public int Count 
            { 
                get { return _list.Count; }
            } 

            /// 
            /// Return true if there are no listeners.
            ///  
            public bool IsEmpty
            { 
                get { return _list.Count == 0; } 
            }
 
            /// 
            /// An empty list of listeners.
            /// 
            public static ListenerList Empty 
            {
                get { return s_empty; } 
            } 

            ///  
            /// Add the given listener to the list.
            /// 
            public void Add(IWeakEventListener listener)
            { 
                Invariant.Assert(_users == 0, "Cannot modify a ListenerList that is in use");
                _list.Add(new WeakReference(listener)); 
            } 

            ///  
            /// Remove the given listener from the list.
            /// 
            public void Remove(IWeakEventListener listener)
            { 
                Invariant.Assert(_users == 0, "Cannot modify a ListenerList that is in use");
                for (int i=_list.Count-1; i>=0; --i) 
                { 
                    if (_list[i].Target == listener)
                    { 
                        _list.RemoveAt(i);
                        break;
                    }
                } 
            }
 
            ///  
            /// If the given list is in use (which means an event is currently
            /// being delivered), replace it with a clone.  The existing 
            /// users will finish delivering the event to the original list,
            /// without interference from changes to the new list.
            /// 
            ///  
            /// True if the list was cloned.  Callers will probably want to
            /// insert the new list in their own data structures. 
            ///  
            public static bool PrepareForWriting(ref ListenerList list)
            { 
                bool inUse = list.BeginUse();
                list.EndUse();

                if (inUse) 
                {
                    list = list.Clone(); 
                } 

                return inUse; 
            }

            /// 
            /// Purge the list of stale entries.  Returns true if any stale 
            /// entries were purged.
            ///  
            public bool Purge() 
            {
                Invariant.Assert(_users == 0, "Cannot modify a ListenerList that is in use"); 
                bool foundDirt = false;

                for (int j=_list.Count-1; j>=0; --j)
                { 
                    if (_list[j].Target == null)
                    { 
                        _list.RemoveAt(j); 
                        foundDirt = true;
                    } 
                }

                return foundDirt;
            } 

            ///  
            /// Return a copy of the list. 
            /// 
            public ListenerList Clone() 
            {
                return new ListenerList(_list.Clone());
            }
 
            /// 
            /// Mark the list as 'in use'.  An event manager should call BeginUse() 
            /// before iterating through the list to deliver an event to the listeners, 
            /// and should call EndUse() when it is done.  This prevents another
            /// user from modifying the list while the iteration is in progress. 
            /// 
            ///  True if the list is already in use.
            public bool BeginUse()
            { 
                return (Interlocked.Increment(ref _users) != 1);
            } 
 
            /// 
            /// Undo the effect of BeginUse(). 
            /// 
            public void EndUse()
            {
                Interlocked.Decrement(ref _users); 
            }
 
            private FrugalObjectList _list;  // list of listeners 
            private int _users;     // number of active users
 
            private static ListenerList s_empty = new ListenerList();
        }

        #endregion ListenerList 
    }
} 

// File provided for Reference Use Only by Microsoft Corporation (c) 2007.
// Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
//
// 
//    Copyright (C) Microsoft Corporation.  All rights reserved.
//  
//
// Description: Base class for event managers in the "weak event listener" 
//              pattern. 
//
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------- 

/***************************************************************************\
    The standard mechanism for listening to events contains an inherent
    potential memory leak.  This class (and its derived classes) and the 
    related class WeakEventTable provide a workaround.
 
    The leak occurs when all the following conditions hold: 
        a. Object A wants to listen to an event Foo from object B.
        b. A uses an instance method (not a static method) as its event handler. 
        c. A's lifetime should not depend on B's.
        d. A does not know when to stop listening (or A should keep listening
            as long as it lives).
 
    Normally, A listens by adding an event handler to B's Foo event:
                B.Foo += new FooEventHandler(OnFoo); 
    but the handler contains a strong reference to A, and thus B now effectively 
    has a strong reference to A.  Because of (d), this reference keeps A
    alive at least as long as B, which is a leak because of (c). 

    The solution to this kind of leak is to introduce an intermediate "proxy"
    object P with the following properties:
        1. P does the actual listening to B. 
        2. P maintains a list of "real listeners" such as A, using weak references.
        3. When P receives an event, it forwards it to the real listeners that 
            are still alive. 
        4. P's lifetime is expected to be as long as the app (or Dispatcher).
 
    This replaces the strong reference from B to A by a strong reference from
    B to P and a weak reference from P to A.  Thus B's lifetime will not affect A's.
    The only object that can leak is P, but this is OK because of (d).
 
    In the implementation of this idea, the role of P is played by a singleton
    instance of a class derived from WeakEventManager.  There is one such class 
    for each event declaration.  The global WeakEventTable keeps track of the 
    manager instances.
 
    The implementation also fulfills the following additional requirements:
        5. Events can be raised (and hence delivered) on any thread.
        6. Each event is delivered to all the listeners present at the time
            P receives the event, even if a listener modifies the list (e.g. 
            by removing itself or another listener, or adding a new listener).
        7. P does not hold a strong reference to the event source B. 
        8. P automatically purges its list of dead entries (where either the 
            source or the listener has died and been GC'd).  This is done
            frequently enough to avoid large "leaks" of entries that are 
            dead but not yet discovered, but not so frequently that the cost
            of purging becomes a noticeable perf hit.
        9. New events can be easily added to the system, by defining a new
            derived class and implementing a few simple methods. 

\***************************************************************************/ 
 
using System;
using System.Diagnostics;           // Debug 
using System.Collections;           // Hashtable
using System.Threading;             // Interlocked
using System.Windows;               // SR
using System.Windows.Threading;     // DispatcherObject 
using MS.Utility;                   // FrugalList
using MS.Internal;                  // Invariant 
using MS.Internal.WindowsBase;      // [FriendAccessAllowed] 

namespace System.Windows 
{
    //
    //  See WeakEventManagerTemplate.cs for instructions on how to subclass
    //  this abstract base class. 
    //
 
    ///  
    /// This base class provides common functionality for event managers,
    /// in support of the "weak event listener" pattern. 
    /// 
    public abstract class WeakEventManager : DispatcherObject
    {
        #region Constructors 

        // 
        //  Constructors 
        //
 
        /// 
        /// Create a new instance of WeakEventManager.
        /// 
        protected WeakEventManager() 
        {
            _table = WeakEventTable.CurrentWeakEventTable; 
        } 

        #endregion Constructors 

        #region Protected Properties

        // 
        //  Protected Properties
        // 
 
        /// 
        /// Take a read-lock on the table, and return the IDisposable. 
        /// Queries to the table should occur within a
        /// "using (ReadLock) { ... }" clause, except for queries
        /// that are already within a write lock.
        ///  
        protected IDisposable ReadLock
        { 
            get { return Table.ReadLock; } 
        }
 
        /// 
        /// Take a write-lock on the table, and return the IDisposable.
        /// All modifications to the table should occur within a
        /// "using (WriteLock) { ... }" clause. 
        /// 
        protected IDisposable WriteLock 
        { 
            get { return Table.WriteLock; }
        } 

        /// 
        /// The data associated with the given source.  Subclasses chose
        /// what to store here;  most commonly it is a ListenerList - a list 
        /// of weak references to listeners.
        ///  
        protected object this[object source] 
        {
            get { return Table[this, source]; } 
            set { Table[this, source] = value; }
        }

        #endregion Protected Properties 

        #region Protected Methods 
 
        //
        //  Protected Methods 
        //

        /// 
        /// Listen to the given source for the event. 
        /// 
        protected abstract void StartListening(object source); 
 
        /// 
        /// Stop listening to the given source for the event. 
        /// 
        protected abstract void StopListening(object source);

        ///  
        /// Get the current manager for the given manager type.
        ///  
        protected static WeakEventManager GetCurrentManager(Type managerType) 
        {
            WeakEventTable table = WeakEventTable.CurrentWeakEventTable; 
            return table[managerType];
        }

        ///  
        /// Set the current manager for the given manager type.
        ///  
        protected static void SetCurrentManager(Type managerType, WeakEventManager manager) 
        {
            WeakEventTable table = WeakEventTable.CurrentWeakEventTable; 
            table[managerType] = manager;
        }

        ///  
        /// Discard the data associated with the given source
        ///  
        protected void Remove(object source) 
        {
            Table.Remove(this, source); 
        }

        /// 
        /// Add a listener to the given source for the event. 
        /// 
        protected void ProtectedAddListener(object source, IWeakEventListener listener) 
        { 
            Debug.Assert(listener != null && source != null, "Listener and source of event cannot be null");
 
            using (Table.WriteLock)
            {
                ListenerList list = (ListenerList)Table[this, source];
 
                if (list == null)
                { 
                    // no entry in the table - add a new one 
                    list = new ListenerList();
                    Table[this, source] = list; 

                    // listen for the desired event
                    StartListening(source);
                } 

                // make sure list is ready for writing 
                if (ListenerList.PrepareForWriting(ref list)) 
                {
                    Table[this, source] = list; 
                }

                // add a target to the list of listeners
                list.Add(listener); 

                // schedule a cleanup pass (heuristic (b) described above) 
                ScheduleCleanup(); 
            }
        } 

        /// 
        /// Remove a listener to the given source for the event.
        ///  
        protected void ProtectedRemoveListener(object source, IWeakEventListener listener)
        { 
            Debug.Assert(listener != null, "Event listener cannot be null"); 

            // the source may have been GC'd 
            if (source == null)
                return;

            using (Table.WriteLock) 
            {
                ListenerList list = (ListenerList)Table[this, source]; 
 
                if (list != null)
                { 
                    // make sure list is ready for writing
                    if (ListenerList.PrepareForWriting(ref list))
                    {
                        Table[this, source] = list; 
                    }
 
                    // remove the target from the list of listeners 
                    list.Remove(listener);
 
                    // after removing the last listener, stop listening
                    if (list.IsEmpty)
                    {
                        Table.Remove(this, source); 

                        StopListening(source); 
                    } 
                }
            } 
        }

        /// 
        /// Deliver an event to each listener. 
        /// 
        protected void DeliverEvent(object sender, EventArgs args) 
        { 
            ListenerList list;
 
            // get the list of listeners
            using (Table.ReadLock)
            {
                list = (ListenerList)Table[this, sender]; 
                if (list == null)
                { 
                    list = ListenerList.Empty; 
                }
 
                // mark the list "in use", even outside the read lock,
                // so that any writers will know not to modify it (they'll
                // modify a clone intead).
                list.BeginUse(); 
            }
 
            // deliver the event, being sure to undo the effect of BeginUse(). 
            try
            { 
                DeliverEventToList(sender, args, list);
            }
            finally
            { 
                list.EndUse();
            } 
        } 

        ///  
        /// Deliver an event to the listeners on the given list
        /// 
        protected void DeliverEventToList(object sender, EventArgs args, ListenerList list)
        { 
            bool foundStaleEntries = false;
            Type managerType = this.GetType(); 
 
            // deliver the event
            for (int k=0, n=list.Count; k
        /// Schedule a cleanup pass. 
        /// 
        protected void ScheduleCleanup() 
        { 
            Table.ScheduleCleanup();
        } 

        /// 
        /// Remove dead entries from the data for the given source.   Returns true if
        /// some entries were actually removed. 
        /// 
        protected virtual bool Purge(object source, object data, bool purgeAll) 
        { 
            bool foundDirt = false;
 
            bool removeList = purgeAll || source == null;

            // remove dead entries from the list
            if (!removeList) 
            {
                ListenerList list = (ListenerList)data; 
 
                if (ListenerList.PrepareForWriting(ref list) && source != null)
                { 
                    Table[this, source] = list;
                }

                if (list.Purge()) 
                    foundDirt = true;
 
                removeList = list.IsEmpty; 
            }
 
            // if the list is no longer needed, stop listening to the event
            if (removeList)
            {
                if (source != null) // source may have been GC'd 
                {
                    StopListening(source); 
 
                    // remove the list completely (in the purgeAll case, we'll do it later)
                    if (!purgeAll) 
                    {
                        Table.Remove(this, source);
                        foundDirt = true;
                    } 
                }
            } 
 
            return foundDirt;
        } 

        #endregion Protected Methods

        #region Internal Methods 

        // 
        //  Internal Methods 
        //
 
        // this should only be called by WeakEventTable
        internal bool PurgeInternal(object source, object data, bool purgeAll)
        {
            return Purge(source, data, purgeAll); 
        }
 
        // for use by test programs (e.g. leak detectors) that want to force 
        // a cleanup pass.
        [FriendAccessAllowed]   // defined in Base, used by Framework 
        internal static bool Cleanup()
        {
            return WeakEventTable.Cleanup();
        } 

        // for use by test programs (e.g. perf tests) that want to disable 
        // cleanup passes temporarily. 
        [FriendAccessAllowed]   // defined in Base, used by Framework
        internal static void SetCleanupEnabled(bool value) 
        {
            WeakEventTable.CurrentWeakEventTable.IsCleanupEnabled = value;
        }
 
        #endregion Internal Methods
 
        #region Private Properties 

        // 
        //  Private Properties
        //

        private WeakEventTable Table 
        {
            get { return _table; } 
        } 

        #endregion Private Properties 

        #region Private Fields

        // 
        //  Private Fields
        // 
 
        private WeakEventTable  _table;
 
        #endregion Private Fields

        #region ListenerList
 
        /// 
        /// This class implements the most common data that a simple manager 
        /// might want to store for a given source:  a list of weak references 
        /// to the listeners.
        ///  
        protected class ListenerList
        {
            /// 
            /// Create a new instance of ListenerList. 
            /// 
            public ListenerList() : this(new FrugalObjectList()) 
            { 
            }
 
            /// 
            /// Create a new instance of ListenerList, with given capacity.
            /// 
            public ListenerList(int capacity) : this(new FrugalObjectList(capacity)) 
            {
            } 
 
            private ListenerList(FrugalObjectList list)
            { 
                _list = list;
            }

            ///  
            /// Return the listener at the given index.
            ///  
            public IWeakEventListener this[int index] 
            {
                get { return (IWeakEventListener)_list[index].Target; } 
            }

            /// 
            /// Return the number of listeners. 
            /// 
            public int Count 
            { 
                get { return _list.Count; }
            } 

            /// 
            /// Return true if there are no listeners.
            ///  
            public bool IsEmpty
            { 
                get { return _list.Count == 0; } 
            }
 
            /// 
            /// An empty list of listeners.
            /// 
            public static ListenerList Empty 
            {
                get { return s_empty; } 
            } 

            ///  
            /// Add the given listener to the list.
            /// 
            public void Add(IWeakEventListener listener)
            { 
                Invariant.Assert(_users == 0, "Cannot modify a ListenerList that is in use");
                _list.Add(new WeakReference(listener)); 
            } 

            ///  
            /// Remove the given listener from the list.
            /// 
            public void Remove(IWeakEventListener listener)
            { 
                Invariant.Assert(_users == 0, "Cannot modify a ListenerList that is in use");
                for (int i=_list.Count-1; i>=0; --i) 
                { 
                    if (_list[i].Target == listener)
                    { 
                        _list.RemoveAt(i);
                        break;
                    }
                } 
            }
 
            ///  
            /// If the given list is in use (which means an event is currently
            /// being delivered), replace it with a clone.  The existing 
            /// users will finish delivering the event to the original list,
            /// without interference from changes to the new list.
            /// 
            ///  
            /// True if the list was cloned.  Callers will probably want to
            /// insert the new list in their own data structures. 
            ///  
            public static bool PrepareForWriting(ref ListenerList list)
            { 
                bool inUse = list.BeginUse();
                list.EndUse();

                if (inUse) 
                {
                    list = list.Clone(); 
                } 

                return inUse; 
            }

            /// 
            /// Purge the list of stale entries.  Returns true if any stale 
            /// entries were purged.
            ///  
            public bool Purge() 
            {
                Invariant.Assert(_users == 0, "Cannot modify a ListenerList that is in use"); 
                bool foundDirt = false;

                for (int j=_list.Count-1; j>=0; --j)
                { 
                    if (_list[j].Target == null)
                    { 
                        _list.RemoveAt(j); 
                        foundDirt = true;
                    } 
                }

                return foundDirt;
            } 

            ///  
            /// Return a copy of the list. 
            /// 
            public ListenerList Clone() 
            {
                return new ListenerList(_list.Clone());
            }
 
            /// 
            /// Mark the list as 'in use'.  An event manager should call BeginUse() 
            /// before iterating through the list to deliver an event to the listeners, 
            /// and should call EndUse() when it is done.  This prevents another
            /// user from modifying the list while the iteration is in progress. 
            /// 
            ///  True if the list is already in use.
            public bool BeginUse()
            { 
                return (Interlocked.Increment(ref _users) != 1);
            } 
 
            /// 
            /// Undo the effect of BeginUse(). 
            /// 
            public void EndUse()
            {
                Interlocked.Decrement(ref _users); 
            }
 
            private FrugalObjectList _list;  // list of listeners 
            private int _users;     // number of active users
 
            private static ListenerList s_empty = new ListenerList();
        }

        #endregion ListenerList 
    }
} 

// File provided for Reference Use Only by Microsoft Corporation (c) 2007.
// Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.

                        

Link Menu

Network programming in C#, Network Programming in VB.NET, Network Programming in .NET
This book is available now!
Buy at Amazon US or
Buy at Amazon UK