unsafenativemethodsother.cs source code in C# .NET

Source code for the .NET framework in C#

                        

Code:

/ DotNET / DotNET / 8.0 / untmp / WIN_WINDOWS / lh_tools_devdiv_wpf / Windows / wcp / Shared / MS / Win32 / unsafenativemethodsother.cs / 5 / unsafenativemethodsother.cs

                            //------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 
// 
//     Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.  All rights reserved.
// 
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 

using System.Threading; 
using System.ComponentModel; 
using System.Diagnostics;
 
namespace MS.Win32
{

    using Accessibility; 
    using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
    using System.Runtime.ConstrainedExecution; 
    using System.Runtime.InteropServices; 
    using System;
    using System.Security.Permissions; 
    using System.Collections;
    using System.IO;
    using System.Text;
    using System.Security; 
    using Microsoft.Win32.SafeHandles;
 
#if WINDOWS_BASE 
    using MS.Internal.WindowsBase;
#elif PRESENTATION_CORE 
    using MS.Internal.PresentationCore;
#elif PRESENTATIONFRAMEWORK
    using MS.Internal.PresentationFramework;
#elif DRT 
    using MS.Internal.Drt;
#else 
#error Attempt to use FriendAccessAllowedAttribute from an unknown assembly. 
    using MS.Internal.YourAssemblyName;
#endif 

    using IComDataObject = System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComTypes.IDataObject;

    //[SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurity()] 
    [FriendAccessAllowed]
    internal partial class UnsafeNativeMethods 
    { 
        /// 
        ///     Critical: This elevates to unmanaged code permission 
        /// 
        [SecurityCritical, SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurity]
        [DllImport(ExternDll.NaturalLanguage6, PreserveSig = false, EntryPoint = "DllGetClassObject")]
        internal static extern void NaturalLanguageDllGetClassObject(ref Guid clsid, ref Guid iid, [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Interface)] out object classObject); 

        ///  
        ///     Critical: This elevates to unmanaged code permission 
        /// 
        [SecurityCritical,SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurity] 
        [DllImport(ExternDll.Shell32, CharSet = System.Runtime.InteropServices.CharSet.Auto, BestFitMapping = false, ThrowOnUnmappableChar = true)]
        internal static extern int ExtractIconEx(
                                        string stExeFileName,
                                        int nIconIndex, 
                                        ref NativeMethods.IconHandle phiconLarge,
                                        ref NativeMethods.IconHandle phiconSmall, 
                                        int nIcons); 

        ///  
        ///     Critical: This elevates to unmanaged code permission
        /// 
        [SecurityCritical,SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurity]
        [DllImport(ExternDll.User32, CharSet = System.Runtime.InteropServices.CharSet.Auto, SetLastError=true)] 
        internal static extern NativeMethods.IconHandle CreateIcon(IntPtr hInstance, int nWidth, int nHeight, byte cPlanes, byte cBitsPixel, byte[] lpbANDbits, byte[] lpbXORbits);
 
        ///  
        ///     Critical: This elevates to unmanaged code permission
        ///  
        [SecurityCritical, SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurity]
        [DllImport(ExternDll.User32, SetLastError = true, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
        public static extern bool CreateCaret(HandleRef hwnd, NativeMethods.BitmapHandle hbitmap, int width, int height);
 
        /// 
        ///     Critical: This elevates to unmanaged code permission 
        ///  
        [SecurityCritical, SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurity]
        [DllImport(ExternDll.User32, SetLastError = true, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)] 
        public static extern bool ShowCaret(HandleRef hwnd);

        /// 
        ///     Critical: This elevates to unmanaged code permission 
        /// 
        [SecurityCritical, SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurity] 
        [DllImport(ExternDll.User32, ExactSpelling = true, CharSet = System.Runtime.InteropServices.CharSet.Auto)] 
        public static extern bool ShowWindowAsync(HandleRef hWnd, int nCmdShow);
 
        [DllImport(ExternDll.User32, EntryPoint="LoadImage", CharSet = System.Runtime.InteropServices.CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true, BestFitMapping = false, ThrowOnUnmappableChar = true)]
        internal static extern NativeMethods.IconHandle LoadImageIcon(IntPtr hinst, string stName, int nType, int cxDesired, int cyDesired, int nFlags);

        [DllImport(ExternDll.User32, EntryPoint="LoadImage", CharSet = System.Runtime.InteropServices.CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true, BestFitMapping = false, ThrowOnUnmappableChar = true)] 
        internal static extern NativeMethods.CursorHandle LoadImageCursor(IntPtr hinst, string stName, int nType, int cxDesired, int cyDesired, int nFlags);
        // uncomment this if you plan to use LoadImage to load anything other than Icons/Cursors. 
        /* 
                [DllImport(ExternDll.User32, CharSet = System.Runtime.InteropServices.CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true, BestFitMapping = false, ThrowOnUnmappableChar = true)]
                internal static extern SafeHandle LoadImage( 
                    IntPtr hinst, string stName, int nType, int cxDesired, int cyDesired, int nFlags);
        */
        /*
                [DllImport(ExternDll.User32, CharSet = System.Runtime.InteropServices.CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true, BestFitMapping = false, ThrowOnUnmappableChar = true)] 
                internal static extern NativeMethods.IconHandle LoadImage(
                    IntPtr hinst, string stName, int nType, int cxDesired, int cyDesired, int nFlags); 
        */ 

        /// 
        ///     Critical - performs an elevation.
        ///
        [SecurityCritical, SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurity]
        [DllImport(ExternDll.Urlmon, ExactSpelling = true, CharSet = System.Runtime.InteropServices.CharSet.Ansi, BestFitMapping = false, ThrowOnUnmappableChar = true)] 
        internal static extern int ObtainUserAgentString(int dwOption, StringBuilder userAgent, ref int length);
 
        /// 
        ///     Critical - performs an elevation.
        /// 
        ///     Could be a candidate for safe - as the only information disclosed is whether
        ///     a certain security measure is on or off.
        ///     Likely this determination could be made by trying certain actions and failing.
        /// 
        [SecurityCritical, SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurity ]
        [DllImport( ExternDll.Urlmon, ExactSpelling=true)] 
        internal static extern int CoInternetIsFeatureEnabled( int featureEntry , int dwFlags ); 

        /// 
        ///     Critical - performs an elevation.
        ///
        [SecurityCritical, SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurity ]
        [DllImport( ExternDll.Urlmon, ExactSpelling=true)] 
        internal static extern int CoInternetSetFeatureEnabled( int featureEntry , int dwFlags, bool fEnable );
 
        /// 
        ///     Critical - performs an elevation.
        /// 
        ///     Could be a candidate for safe - as the only information disclosed is whether
        ///     a certain security measure is on or off.
        ///     Likely this determination could be made by trying certain actions and failing.
        /// 
        [SecurityCritical, SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurity ]
        [DllImport( ExternDll.Urlmon, ExactSpelling=true)] 
        internal static extern int CoInternetIsFeatureZoneElevationEnabled( 
                                                            [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] string szFromURL,
                                                            [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] string szToURL, 
                                                            UnsafeNativeMethods.IInternetSecurityManager secMgr,
                                                            int dwFlags
                                                            );
 

        /// 
        ///     Critical - call is SUC'ed 
        ///
        [SecurityCritical, SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurity] 
        [DllImport(ExternDll.PresentationHostDll, EntryPoint = "ProcessUnhandledException")]
        internal static extern void ProcessUnhandledException_DLL([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.BStr)] string errMsg);

        /// 
        ///     Critical - performs an elevation.
        /// 
        [SecurityCritical, SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurity ] 
        [DllImport(ExternDll.Kernel32, CharSet=CharSet.Unicode)]
        internal static extern bool GetVersionEx([In, Out] NativeMethods.OSVERSIONINFOEX ver); 
        ///
        ///     Critical - performs an elevation.
        ///
        [SecurityCritical, SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurity ] 
        [DllImport( ExternDll.Urlmon, ExactSpelling=true)]
        internal static extern int CoInternetCreateSecurityManager( 
                                                                    [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Interface)] object pIServiceProvider, 
                                                                    [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Interface)] out object ppISecurityManager ,
                                                                    int dwReserved ) ; 



 
        [ComImport, ComVisible(false), Guid("79eac9ee-baf9-11ce-8c82-00aa004ba90b"), System.Runtime.InteropServices.InterfaceType(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIUnknown)]
        internal interface IInternetSecurityManager 
        { 
            void SetSecuritySite( NativeMethods.IInternetSecurityMgrSite pSite);
 
            unsafe void GetSecuritySite( /* [out] */ void **ppSite);

            ///
            ///     Critical - performs an elevation. 
            ///
            [SecurityCritical, SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurity] 
            void MapUrlToZone( 
                                [In, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.BStr)]
                                        string pwszUrl, 
                                [Out]   out int pdwZone,
                                [In]    int     dwFlags);

            unsafe void GetSecurityId(  /* [in] */ string pwszUrl, 
                                /* [size_is][out] */ byte *pbSecurityId,
                                /* [out][in] */ int *pcbSecurityId, 
                                /* [in] */ int dwReserved); 

            unsafe void ProcessUrlAction( 
                                /* [in] */ string pwszUrl,
                                /* [in] */ int dwAction,
                                /* [size_is][out] */ byte *pPolicy,
                                /* [in] */ int cbPolicy, 
                                /* [in] */ byte *pContext,
                                /* [in] */ int cbContext, 
                                /* [in] */ int dwFlags, 
                                /* [in] */ int dwReserved);
 
            unsafe void QueryCustomPolicy(
                                /* [in] */ string pwszUrl,
                                /* [in] */ /*REFGUID*/ void *guidKey,
                                /* [size_is][size_is][out] */ byte **ppPolicy, 
                                /* [out] */ int *pcbPolicy,
                                /* [in] */ byte *pContext, 
                                /* [in] */ int cbContext, 
                                /* [in] */ int dwReserved);
 
            unsafe void SetZoneMapping( /* [in] */ int dwZone, /* [in] */ string lpszPattern, /* [in] */ int dwFlags);

            unsafe void GetZoneMappings( /* [in] */ int dwZone, /* [out] */ /*IEnumString*/ void **ppenumString, /* [in] */ int dwFlags);
        } 

        ///  
        /// 
        /// 
        ///  
        /// 
        [DllImport("kernel32.dll", SetLastError = true), ReliabilityContract(Consistency.WillNotCorruptState, Cer.Success)]
        internal static extern IntPtr LocalFree(IntPtr hMem);
 
#if BASE_NATIVEMETHODS
        ///  
        ///  SecurityCritical: This code returns a critical resource obtained under an elevation. 
        /// 
        [SecurityCritical] 
        [SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurity]
        [DllImport(ExternDll.Kernel32, SetLastError = true, CharSet = CharSet.Auto, BestFitMapping = false, ThrowOnUnmappableChar = true)]
        internal unsafe static extern SafeFileHandle CreateFile(
          string lpFileName, 
          uint dwDesiredAccess,
          uint dwShareMode, 
          [In] NativeMethods.SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES lpSecurityAttributes, 
          int dwCreationDisposition,
          int dwFlagsAndAttributes, 
          IntPtr hTemplateFile);
#endif

 
#if BASE_NATIVEMETHODS
        ///  
        ///     Critical: This code is critical because it can be used to 
        ///     pass and force arbitrary data into the tree. We should
        ///     consider yanking it out all the way 
        /// 

        [SecurityCritical]
        [SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurity] 
        [DllImport(ExternDll.User32, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
        internal static extern IntPtr GetMessageExtraInfo(); 
#endif 

#if BASE_NATIVEMETHODS 
        ///
        /// Critical as this code performs an elevation.
        ///
        [SecurityCritical] 
        [SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurity]
        [DllImport(ExternDll.Kernel32, EntryPoint="WaitForMultipleObjectsEx", SetLastError = true, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)] 
        private static extern int IntWaitForMultipleObjectsEx(int nCount, IntPtr[] pHandles, bool bWaitAll, int dwMilliseconds, bool bAlertable); 

        public const int WAIT_FAILED = unchecked((int)0xFFFFFFFF); 

        ///
        /// Critical - calls IntWaitForMultipleObjectsEx (the real PInvoke method)
        /// 
        [SecurityCritical]
        internal static int WaitForMultipleObjectsEx(int nCount, IntPtr[] pHandles, bool bWaitAll, int dwMilliseconds, bool bAlertable) 
        { 
            int result = IntWaitForMultipleObjectsEx(nCount, pHandles, bWaitAll, dwMilliseconds, bAlertable);
            if(result ==  UnsafeNativeMethods.WAIT_FAILED) 
            {
                throw new Win32Exception();
            }
 
            return result;
        } 
 
        ///
        /// Critical as this code performs an elevation. 
        ///
        [SecurityCritical]
        [SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurity]
        [DllImport(ExternDll.User32, EntryPoint="MsgWaitForMultipleObjectsEx", SetLastError=true, ExactSpelling = true, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)] 
        private static extern int IntMsgWaitForMultipleObjectsEx(int nCount, IntPtr[] pHandles, int dwMilliseconds, int dwWakeMask, int dwFlags);
 
        /// 
        /// Critical - calls IntMsgWaitForMultipleObjectsEx (the real PInvoke method)
        /// 
        [SecurityCritical]
        internal static int MsgWaitForMultipleObjectsEx(int nCount, IntPtr[] pHandles, int dwMilliseconds, int dwWakeMask, int dwFlags)
        {
            int result = IntMsgWaitForMultipleObjectsEx(nCount, pHandles, dwMilliseconds, dwWakeMask, dwFlags); 
            if(result == -1)
            { 
                throw new Win32Exception(); 
            }
 
            return result;
        }
#endif
 
        /// 
        ///     Critical: This code elevates to unmanaged code permission 
        ///  
        [SecurityCritical]
        [SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurity] 
        [DllImport(ExternDll.User32, EntryPoint="RegisterClassEx", CharSet=CharSet.Auto, SetLastError=true, BestFitMapping=false)]
        private static extern UInt16 IntRegisterClassEx(NativeMethods.WNDCLASSEX_D wc_d);

        /// 
        /// Critical - calls IntRegisterClassEx (the real PInvoke method)
        /// 
        [SecurityCritical] 
        internal static UInt16 RegisterClassEx(NativeMethods.WNDCLASSEX_D wc_d)
        { 
            UInt16 result = IntRegisterClassEx(wc_d);
            if(result == 0)
            {
                throw new Win32Exception(); 
            }
 
            return result; 
        }
 
        /// 
        ///     Critical: This code elevates to unmanaged code permission
        /// 
        [SecurityCritical,SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurity] 
        [DllImport(ExternDll.User32, EntryPoint="UnregisterClass",CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true, BestFitMapping=false)]
        private static extern int IntUnregisterClass(IntPtr atomString /*lpClassName*/ , IntPtr hInstance); 
 
        ///
        /// Critical - calls IntUnregisterClass (the real PInvoke method) 
        ///
        [SecurityCritical]
        internal static void UnregisterClass(IntPtr atomString /*lpClassName*/ , IntPtr hInstance)
        { 
            int result = IntUnregisterClass(atomString, hInstance);
            if (result == 0) 
            { 
                throw new Win32Exception();
            } 
        }

        // note that this method exists in UnsafeNativeMethodsCLR.cs but with a different signature
        // using a HandleRef for the hWnd instead of an IntPtr, and not using an IntPtr for lParam 
        [DllImport(ExternDll.User32, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
        internal static extern IntPtr SendMessage(IntPtr hWnd, int msg, IntPtr wParam, IntPtr lParam); 
 

        // note that this method exists in UnsafeNativeMethodsCLR.cs but with a different signature 
        // using a HandleRef for the hWnd instead of an IntPtr, and not using an IntPtr for lParam
        /// 
        ///     Critical: This code has the ability to send a message to the wndproc. It exists purely for
        ///     the secure close scenario. For any other scenario please use the SendMessage call 
        /// 
        [DllImport(ExternDll.User32,EntryPoint="SendMessage", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)] 
        [SecurityCritical,SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurity] 
        internal static extern IntPtr UnsafeSendMessage(IntPtr hWnd, int msg, IntPtr wParam, IntPtr lParam);
 
/*
        //
        // SendMessage taking a SafeHandle for wParam. Needed by some Win32 messages. e.g. WM_PRINT
        // 
        [DllImport(ExternDll.User32, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
        internal static extern IntPtr SendMessage(HandleRef hWnd, int msg, SafeHandle wParam, IntPtr lParam); 
*/ 

        // private  DllImport - that takes an IconHandle. 
        /// 
        ///     Critical: This code causes elevation to unmanaged code
        /// 
        [SecurityCritical,SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurity] 
        [DllImport(ExternDll.User32, CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true)]
        internal static extern IntPtr SendMessage( HandleRef hWnd, int msg, IntPtr wParam, NativeMethods.IconHandle iconHandle ); 
 
        /// 
        ///     Critical: This code causes elevation to unmanaged code 
        /// 
        [SecurityCritical,SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurity]
        [DllImport(ExternDll.Kernel32, ExactSpelling = true, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
        internal static extern void SetLastError(int dwErrorCode); 

#if BASE_NATIVEMETHODS || CORE_NATIVEMETHODS || FRAMEWORK_NATIVEMETHODS 
        ///  
        /// Win32 GetLayeredWindowAttributes.
        ///  
        /// 
        /// 
        /// 
        ///  
        /// 
        ///  
        /// Critical: This code calls into unmanaged code 
        /// 
        [SecurityCritical] 
        [SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurity]
        [DllImport("user32.dll")]
        public static extern bool GetLayeredWindowAttributes(
                HandleRef hwnd, IntPtr pcrKey, IntPtr pbAlpha, IntPtr pdwFlags); 
        internal sealed class SafeFileMappingHandle : SafeHandleZeroOrMinusOneIsInvalid
        { 
            ///  
            ///   Critical: base class enforces link demand and inheritance demand
            ///   TreatAsSafe: Creating this is ok, accessing the pointer is bad 
            /// 
            [SecurityCritical,SecurityTreatAsSafe]
            internal SafeFileMappingHandle() : base(true)
            { 
            }
 
            ///  
            ///   Critical: base class enforces link demand and inheritance demand
            ///   TreatAsSafe: This call is safe 
            /// 
            public override bool IsInvalid
            {
                [SecurityCritical,SecurityTreatAsSafe] 
                get
                { 
                    return handle == IntPtr.Zero; 
                }
            } 

            /// 
            ///     Critical - as this function does an elevation to close a handle.
            ///     TreatAsSafe - as this can at best be used to destabilize one's own app. 
            /// 
            [SecurityCritical, SecurityTreatAsSafe] 
            protected override bool ReleaseHandle() 
            {
                new SecurityPermission(SecurityPermissionFlag.UnmanagedCode).Assert(); 
                try
                {
                    return CloseHandleNoThrow(new HandleRef(null, handle));
                } 
                finally
                { 
                    SecurityPermission.RevertAssert(); 
                }
            } 
        }
        internal sealed class SafeViewOfFileHandle : SafeHandleZeroOrMinusOneIsInvalid
        {
            /// 
            ///    Critical: This code calls into a base class which link demands for unmanaged code
            ///    TreatAsSafe:Creating this is ok it is acessing the pointers in it that can be risky 
            ///  
            [SecurityCritical,SecurityTreatAsSafe]
            internal SafeViewOfFileHandle() : base(true) { } 

            /// 
            /// Critical: This code accesses an unsafe object (pointer) and returns it as a pointer
            ///  
            internal unsafe void* Memory
            { 
                [SecurityCritical] 
                get
                { 
                    Debug.Assert(handle != IntPtr.Zero);
                    return (void*)handle;
                }
            } 

            ///  
            ///     Critical - as this function does an elevation to close a handle. 
            ///     TreatAsSafe - as this can at best be used to destabilize one's own app.
            ///  
            [SecurityCritical, SecurityTreatAsSafe]
            override protected bool ReleaseHandle()
            {
                new SecurityPermission(SecurityPermissionFlag.UnmanagedCode).Assert(); 
                try
                { 
                    return UnsafeNativeMethods.UnmapViewOfFileNoThrow(new HandleRef(null, handle)); 
                }
                finally 
                {
                    SecurityPermission.RevertAssert();
                }
            } 
        }
 
        ///  
        ///  SecurityCritical: This code returns critical resource obtained under an elevation.
        ///  
        [SecurityCritical]
        [SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurity]
        [DllImport("kernel32.dll", SetLastError = true, CharSet = CharSet.Auto, BestFitMapping = false, ThrowOnUnmappableChar = true)]
        internal unsafe static extern SafeFileMappingHandle CreateFileMapping(SafeFileHandle hFile, NativeMethods.SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES lpFileMappingAttributes, int flProtect, uint dwMaximumSizeHigh, uint dwMaximumSizeLow, string lpName); 

        ///  
        ///  SecurityCritical: This code returns a critical resource obtained under an elevation. 
        /// 
        [SecurityCritical] 
        [SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurity]
        [DllImport(ExternDll.Kernel32, SetLastError = true)]
        internal static extern SafeViewOfFileHandle MapViewOfFileEx(SafeFileMappingHandle hFileMappingObject, int dwDesiredAccess, int dwFileOffsetHigh, int dwFileOffsetLow, IntPtr dwNumberOfBytesToMap, IntPtr lpBaseAddress);
#endif // BASE_NATIVEMETHODS 

 
        [DllImport(ExternDll.User32, EntryPoint="SetWindowLongPtr", CharSet=CharSet.Auto, SetLastError=true)] 
        private static extern IntPtr IntSetWindowLongPtr(HandleRef hWnd, int nIndex, IntPtr dwNewLong);
 
        [DllImport(ExternDll.User32, EntryPoint="SetWindowLong", CharSet=CharSet.Auto, SetLastError=true)]
        private static extern Int32 IntSetWindowLong(HandleRef hWnd, int nIndex, Int32 dwNewLong);

        /// 
        /// Critical: LinkDemand on Marshal.GetLastWin32Error
        /// TreatAsSafe: Getting an error code isn't unsafe 
        /// Note: If a SupressUnmanagedCodeSecurity attribute is ever added to IntsetWindowLong(Ptr), we'd need to be Critical 
        ///
        [SecurityCritical, SecurityTreatAsSafe] 
        internal static IntPtr SetWindowLong(HandleRef hWnd, int nIndex, IntPtr dwNewLong)
        {
            int error = 0;
            IntPtr result = IntPtr.Zero; 
            SetLastError(0);    // Win32 SetWindowLong doesn't clear error on success
 
            if (IntPtr.Size == 4) 
            {
                // use SetWindowLong 
                Int32 tempResult = IntSetWindowLong(hWnd, nIndex, NativeMethods.IntPtrToInt32(dwNewLong));
                error = Marshal.GetLastWin32Error();
                result = new IntPtr(tempResult);
            } 
            else
            { 
                // use SetWindowLongPtr 
                result = IntSetWindowLongPtr(hWnd, nIndex, dwNewLong);
                error = Marshal.GetLastWin32Error(); 
            }

            if ((result == IntPtr.Zero) && (error != 0))
            { 
                // To be consistent with out other PInvoke wrappers
                // we should "throw" here.  But we don't want to 
                // introduce new "throws" w/o time to follow up on any 
                // new problems that causes.
                Debug.WriteLine("SetWindowLong failed.  Error = " + error); 
                // throw new System.ComponentModel.Win32Exception(error);
            }

            return result; 
        }
 
        ///  
        /// Critical - link demands for UnmanagedCode permissions
        ///  
        [SecurityCritical, SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurity]
        [DllImport(ExternDll.User32, EntryPoint="SetWindowLongPtr", CharSet=CharSet.Auto, SetLastError=true)]
        private static extern IntPtr IntCriticalSetWindowLongPtr(HandleRef hWnd, int nIndex, IntPtr dwNewLong);
 
        [SecurityCritical, SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurity]
        [DllImport(ExternDll.User32, EntryPoint="SetWindowLong", CharSet=CharSet.Auto, SetLastError=true)] 
        private static extern Int32 IntCriticalSetWindowLong(HandleRef hWnd, int nIndex, Int32 dwNewLong); 

        ///  
        /// Critical - it calls IntCriticalSetWindowLongPtr() / IntCriticalSetWindowLong(), which are Critical
        /// 
        [SecurityCritical]
        internal static IntPtr CriticalSetWindowLong(HandleRef hWnd, int nIndex, IntPtr dwNewLong) 
        {
            int error = 0; 
            IntPtr result = IntPtr.Zero; 
            SetLastError(0);    // Win32 SetWindowLong doesn't clear error on success
 
            if (IntPtr.Size == 4)
            {
                // use SetWindowLong
                Int32 tempResult = IntCriticalSetWindowLong(hWnd, nIndex, NativeMethods.IntPtrToInt32(dwNewLong)); 
                error = Marshal.GetLastWin32Error();
                result = new IntPtr(tempResult); 
            } 
            else
            { 
                // use SetWindowLongPtr
                result = IntCriticalSetWindowLongPtr(hWnd, nIndex, dwNewLong);
                error = Marshal.GetLastWin32Error();
            } 

            if ((result == IntPtr.Zero) && (error != 0)) 
            { 
                // To be consistent with out other PInvoke wrappers
                // we should "throw" here.  But we don't want to 
                // introduce new "throws" w/o time to follow up on any
                // new problems that causes.
                Debug.WriteLine("SetWindowLong failed.  Error = " + error);
                // throw new System.ComponentModel.Win32Exception(error); 
            }
 
            return result; 
        }
 
        /// 
        /// Critical - This link demands for UnmanagedCode permissions
        /// 
        [SecurityCritical, SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurity] 
        [DllImport(ExternDll.User32, EntryPoint="SetWindowLongPtr", CharSet=CharSet.Auto, SetLastError=true)]
        private static extern IntPtr IntCriticalSetWindowLongPtr(HandleRef hWnd, int nIndex, NativeMethods.WndProc dwNewLong); 
 
        [SecurityCritical, SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurity]
        [DllImport(ExternDll.User32, EntryPoint="SetWindowLong", CharSet=CharSet.Auto, SetLastError=true)] 
        private static extern Int32 IntCriticalSetWindowLong(HandleRef hWnd, int nIndex, NativeMethods.WndProc dwNewLong);

        /// 
        /// Critical - This calls SetLatError() and IntCriticalSetWindowLongPtr() / IntCriticalSetWindowLong(), which are Critical 
        /// 
        [SecurityCritical] 
        internal static IntPtr CriticalSetWindowLong(HandleRef hWnd, int nIndex, NativeMethods.WndProc dwNewLong) 
        {
            int errorCode; 
            IntPtr retVal;
            SetLastError(0);    // Win32 SetWindowLong doesn't clear error on success

            if (IntPtr.Size == 4) 
            {
                Int32 tempRetVal = IntCriticalSetWindowLong(hWnd, nIndex, dwNewLong); 
                errorCode = Marshal.GetLastWin32Error(); 
                retVal = new IntPtr(tempRetVal);
            } 
            else
            {
                retVal = IntCriticalSetWindowLongPtr(hWnd, nIndex, dwNewLong);
                errorCode = Marshal.GetLastWin32Error(); 
            }
 
            if (retVal == IntPtr.Zero) 
            {
                if (errorCode != 0) 
                {
                    throw new System.ComponentModel.Win32Exception(errorCode);
                }
            } 

            return retVal; 
        } 

        ///  
        ///  SecurityCritical: This code happens to return a critical resource and causes unmanaged code elevation
        /// 
        [SecurityCritical, SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurity]
        [DllImport(ExternDll.User32, EntryPoint="GetWindowLongPtr", CharSet=CharSet.Auto, SetLastError=true)] 
        private static extern IntPtr IntGetWindowLongPtr(HandleRef hWnd, int nIndex);
 
        ///  
        ///  SecurityCritical: This code happens to return a critical resource and causes unmanaged code elevation
        ///  
        [SecurityCritical, SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurity]
        [DllImport(ExternDll.User32, EntryPoint="GetWindowLong", CharSet=CharSet.Auto, SetLastError=true)]
        private static extern Int32 IntGetWindowLong(HandleRef hWnd, int nIndex );
 
        /// 
        ///  SecurityCritical: This code happens to return a critical resource and causes unmanaged code elevation 
        ///  
        [SecurityCritical]
        internal static IntPtr GetWindowLongPtr(HandleRef hWnd, int nIndex ) 
        {
            IntPtr result = IntPtr.Zero;
            int error = 0;
            SetLastError(0);    // Win32 GetWindowLong doesn't clear error on success 

            if (IntPtr.Size == 4) 
            { 
                // use getWindowLong
                Int32 tempResult = IntGetWindowLong(hWnd, nIndex); 
                error = Marshal.GetLastWin32Error();
                result = new IntPtr(tempResult);
            }
            else 
            {
                // use GetWindowLongPtr 
                result = IntGetWindowLongPtr( hWnd, nIndex); 
                error = Marshal.GetLastWin32Error();
            } 

            if ((result == IntPtr.Zero) && (error != 0))
            {
                // To be consistent with out other PInvoke wrappers 
                // we should "throw" here.  But we don't want to
                // introduce new "throws" w/o time to follow up on any 
                // new problems that causes. 
                Debug.WriteLine("GetWindowLongPtr failed.  Error = " + error);
                // throw new System.ComponentModel.Win32Exception(error); 
            }

            return result;
        } 

        ///  
        ///  SecurityCritical: This code happens to return a critical resource and causes unmanaged code elevation 
        /// 
        [SecurityCritical] 
        internal static Int32 GetWindowLong(HandleRef hWnd, int nIndex )
        {
            int iResult = 0;
            IntPtr result = IntPtr.Zero; 
            int error = 0;
            SetLastError(0);    // Win32 GetWindowLong doesn't clear error on success 
 
            if (IntPtr.Size == 4)
            { 
                // use GetWindowLong
                iResult = IntGetWindowLong(hWnd, nIndex);
                error = Marshal.GetLastWin32Error();
                result = new IntPtr(iResult); 
            }
            else 
            { 
                // use GetWindowLongPtr
                result = IntGetWindowLongPtr(hWnd, nIndex); 
                error = Marshal.GetLastWin32Error();
                iResult = NativeMethods.IntPtrToInt32(result);
            }
 
            if ((result == IntPtr.Zero) && (error != 0))
            { 
                // To be consistent with out other PInvoke wrappers 
                // we should "throw" here.  But we don't want to
                // introduce new "throws" w/o time to follow up on any 
                // new problems that causes.
                Debug.WriteLine("GetWindowLong failed.  Error = " + error);
                // throw new System.ComponentModel.Win32Exception(error);
            } 

            return iResult; 
        } 

        ///  
        ///  SecurityCritical: This code happens to return a critical resource and causes unmanaged code elevation
        /// 
        [SecurityCritical, SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurity]
        [DllImport(ExternDll.User32, EntryPoint="GetWindowLongPtr", CharSet=CharSet.Auto, SetLastError=true)] 
        public static extern NativeMethods.WndProc IntGetWindowLongWndProcPtr(HandleRef hWnd, int nIndex);
 
        ///  
        ///  SecurityCritical: This code happens to return a critical resource and causes unmanaged code elevation
        ///  
        [SecurityCritical, SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurity]
        [DllImport(ExternDll.User32, EntryPoint="GetWindowLong", CharSet=CharSet.Auto, SetLastError=true)]
        public static extern NativeMethods.WndProc IntGetWindowLongWndProc(HandleRef hWnd, int nIndex);
 
        ///
        /// Critical: Call critical method IntGetWindowLongWndProc and IntGetWindowLongWndProcPtr that causes unmanaged code elevation. 
        ///           LinkDemand on Win32Exception constructor but throwing an exception isn't unsafe 
        ///
        [SecurityCritical] 
        internal static NativeMethods.WndProc GetWindowLongWndProc (HandleRef hWnd)
        {
            NativeMethods.WndProc returnValue = null;
            int error = 0; 
            SetLastError(0);    // Win32 GetWindowLong doesn't clear error on success
 
            if (IntPtr.Size == 4) 
            {
                // use getWindowLong 
                returnValue = IntGetWindowLongWndProc (hWnd, NativeMethods.GWL_WNDPROC);
                error = Marshal.GetLastWin32Error();
            }
            else 
            {
                // use GetWindowLongPtr 
                returnValue = IntGetWindowLongWndProcPtr (hWnd, NativeMethods.GWL_WNDPROC); 
                error = Marshal.GetLastWin32Error();
            } 

            if (null == returnValue)
            {
                throw new Win32Exception(error); 
            }
 
            return returnValue; 
        }
 
        ///
        /// Critical - Unmanaged code permission is supressed.
        ///
        [SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurity, SecurityCritical] 
        [DllImport("winmm.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode)]
        internal static extern bool PlaySound([In]string soundName, IntPtr hmod, SafeNativeMethods.PlaySoundFlags soundFlags); 
 
        internal const uint
            INTERNET_COOKIE_THIRD_PARTY     = 0x10, 
            INTERNET_COOKIE_EVALUATE_P3P    = 0x40,
            INTERNET_COOKIE_IS_RESTRICTED   = 0x200,
            COOKIE_STATE_REJECT             = 5;
 
        //!!! CAUTION
        // PresentationHost intercepts calls to InternetGetCookieEx & InternetSetCookieEx and delegates them 
        // to the browser. It doesn't do this for InternetGetCookie & InternetSetCookie. 
        // See also Application.Get/SetCookie().
        //!!! 

        /// 
        /// SecurityCritical - calls unmanaged code.
        ///  
        [DllImport(ExternDll.Wininet, SetLastError=true, ExactSpelling=true, EntryPoint="InternetGetCookieExW", CharSet=CharSet.Unicode)]
        [SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurity, SecurityCritical] 
        internal static extern bool InternetGetCookieEx([In]string Url, [In]string cookieName, 
            [Out] StringBuilder cookieData, [In, Out] ref UInt32 pchCookieData, uint flags, IntPtr reserved);
 
        /// 
        /// SecurityCritical - calls unmanaged code.
        /// 
        [DllImport(ExternDll.Wininet, SetLastError = true, ExactSpelling = true, EntryPoint = "InternetSetCookieExW", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode)] 
        [SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurity]
        [SecurityCritical] 
        internal static extern uint InternetSetCookieEx([In]string Url, [In]string CookieName, [In]string cookieData, uint flags, [In] string p3pHeader); 

#if DRT_NATIVEMETHODS 

        [DllImport(ExternDll.User32, ExactSpelling = true, EntryPoint = "mouse_event", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
        internal static extern void Mouse_event(int flags, int dx, int dy, int dwData, IntPtr extrainfo);
 
#endif
        ///////////////////////////// 
        // needed by Framework 

        ///  
        /// Critical - calls unmanaged code
        /// 
        [DllImport(ExternDll.Kernel32, ExactSpelling = true, CharSet = CharSet.Unicode)]
        [SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurity] 
        [SecurityCritical]
        internal static extern int GetLocaleInfoW(int locale, int type, string data, int dataSize); 
 
        /// 
        /// Critical - calls unmanaged code 
        /// 
        [DllImport(ExternDll.Kernel32, ExactSpelling = true, SetLastError = true)]
        [SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurity]
        [SecurityCritical] 
        internal static extern int FindNLSString(int locale, uint flags, [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)]string sourceString, int sourceCount, [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)]string findString, int findCount, out int found);
 
 
        //[DllImport(ExternDll.Psapi, SetLastError = true, CharSet = CharSet.Auto, BestFitMapping = false)]
        //public static extern int GetModuleFileNameEx(IntPtr hProcess, IntPtr hModule, StringBuilder buffer, int length); 

        //
        // OpenProcess
        // 
        public const int PROCESS_VM_READ = 0x0010;
        public const int PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION = 0x0400; 
 
        //[DllImport(ExternDll.Kernel32, SetLastError = true, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
        //public static extern IntPtr OpenProcess(int dwDesiredAccess, bool fInherit, int dwProcessId); 

        [DllImport(ExternDll.User32, EntryPoint = "SetWindowText", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true, BestFitMapping = false)]
        private static extern bool IntSetWindowText(HandleRef hWnd, string text);
 
        ///
        /// Critical: LinkDemand on Win32Exception constructor 
        /// TreatAsSafe: Throwing an exception isn't unsafe 
        /// Note: If a SupressUnmanagedCodeSecurity attribute is ever added to IntSetWindowText, we'd need to be Critical
        /// 
        [SecurityCritical, SecurityTreatAsSafe]
        internal static void SetWindowText(HandleRef hWnd, string text)
        {
            if (IntSetWindowText(hWnd, text) == false) 
            {
                throw new Win32Exception(); 
            } 
        }
        ///  
        ///     Critical: This code calls into unmanaged code
        /// 
        [SecurityCritical,SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurity]
        [DllImport(ExternDll.User32, EntryPoint = "GetIconInfo", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true)] 
        [ReliabilityContract(Consistency.WillNotCorruptState, Cer.MayFail)]
        private static extern bool GetIconInfoImpl(HandleRef hIcon, [Out] ICONINFO_IMPL piconinfo); 
 
        [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
        internal class ICONINFO_IMPL 
        {
            public bool fIcon = false;
            public int xHotspot = 0;
            public int yHotspot = 0; 
            public IntPtr hbmMask = IntPtr.Zero;
            public IntPtr hbmColor = IntPtr.Zero; 
        } 

        // FOR 



 

 
        [SecurityCritical] 
        internal static void GetIconInfo(HandleRef hIcon, out NativeMethods.ICONINFO piconinfo)
        { 
            bool success = false;
            int error = 0;
            piconinfo = new NativeMethods.ICONINFO();
            ICONINFO_IMPL iconInfoImpl = new ICONINFO_IMPL(); 

            RuntimeHelpers.PrepareConstrainedRegions(); // Mark the following as special 
            try 
            {
                // Intentionally empty 
            }
            finally
            {
                // This block won't be interrupted by certain runtime induced failures or thread abort 
                success = GetIconInfoImpl(hIcon, iconInfoImpl);
                error = Marshal.GetLastWin32Error(); 
 
                if (success)
                { 
                    piconinfo.hbmMask = new NativeMethods.BitmapHandle(iconInfoImpl.hbmMask, true /*own*/);
                    piconinfo.hbmColor = new NativeMethods.BitmapHandle(iconInfoImpl.hbmColor, true /*own*/);
                    piconinfo.fIcon = iconInfoImpl.fIcon;
                    piconinfo.xHotspot = iconInfoImpl.xHotspot; 
                    piconinfo.yHotspot = iconInfoImpl.yHotspot;
                } 
            } 

            if(!success) 
            {
                Debug.WriteLine("GetIconInfo failed.  Error = " + error);

                throw new Win32Exception(); 
            }
        } 
 
#if never
 
        [DllImport(ExternDll.User32,
#if WIN64
         EntryPoint="GetClassLongPtr",
#endif 
 CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true)
        ] 
        internal static extern UInt32 GetClassLong(IntPtr hwnd, int nIndex); 
#endif
 
        [DllImport(ExternDll.User32, EntryPoint = "GetWindowPlacement", ExactSpelling = true, CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true)]
        private static extern bool IntGetWindowPlacement(HandleRef hWnd, ref NativeMethods.WINDOWPLACEMENT placement);

        // note:  this method exists in UnsafeNativeMethodsCLR.cs, but that method does not have the if/throw implemntation 
        ///
        /// Critical: LinkDemand on Win32Exception constructor 
        /// TreatAsSafe: Throwing an exception isn't unsafe 
        /// Note: If a SupressUnmanagedCodeSecurity attribute is ever added to IntGetWindowPlacement, we'd need to be Critical
        /// 
        [SecurityCritical, SecurityTreatAsSafe]
        internal static void GetWindowPlacement(HandleRef hWnd, ref NativeMethods.WINDOWPLACEMENT placement)
        {
            if (IntGetWindowPlacement(hWnd, ref placement) == false) 
            {
                throw new Win32Exception(); 
            } 
        }
 

        [DllImport(ExternDll.User32, EntryPoint = "SetWindowPlacement", ExactSpelling = true, CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true)]
        private static extern bool IntSetWindowPlacement(HandleRef hWnd, [In] ref NativeMethods.WINDOWPLACEMENT placement);
 
        // note: this method appears in UnsafeNativeMethodsCLR.cs but does not have the if/throw block
        /// 
        /// Critical: LinkDemand on Win32Exception constructor 
        /// Note: If a SupressUnmanagedCodeSecurity attribute is ever added to IntSetWindowPlacement, we'd need to be Critical
        /// TreatAsSafe: Throwing an exception isn't unsafe 
        ///
        [SecurityCritical, SecurityTreatAsSafe]
        internal static void SetWindowPlacement(HandleRef hWnd, [In] ref NativeMethods.WINDOWPLACEMENT placement)
        { 
            if (IntSetWindowPlacement(hWnd, ref placement) == false)
            { 
                throw new Win32Exception(); 
            }
        } 

        //[DllImport("secur32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode, SetLastError = true, ExactSpelling = true)]
        //internal static extern bool GetUserNameExW(
        //    [In] EXTENDED_NAME_FORMAT nameFormat, 
        //    [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] StringBuilder lpNameBuffer,
        //    [In, Out] ref ulong nSize); 
 

        /// 
        /// Critical as this code performs an elevation.
        ///
        [SecurityCritical]
        [SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurity] 
        [DllImport(ExternDll.User32, CharSet = CharSet.Auto, BestFitMapping = false)]
        internal static extern bool SystemParametersInfo(int nAction, int nParam, [In, Out] NativeMethods.ANIMATIONINFO anim, int nUpdate); 
 
        ///
        /// Critical as this code performs an elevation. 
        ///
        [SecurityCritical]
        [SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurity]
        [DllImport(ExternDll.User32, CharSet = CharSet.Auto, BestFitMapping = false, ThrowOnUnmappableChar = true)] 
        internal static extern bool SystemParametersInfo(int nAction, int nParam, [In, Out] NativeMethods.ICONMETRICS metrics, int nUpdate);
 
 
        //---------------------------------------------------------------------------
        //  SetWindowThemeAttribute() 
        //                      - set attributes to control how themes are applied to
        //                        windows.
        //
        //  hwnd                - the handle of the window (cannot be NULL) 
        //
        //  eAttribute           - one of the following: 
        // 
        //              WTA_NONCLIENT:
        //                      pvAttribute must be a WINDOWTHEMEATTRIBUTE pointer with a valid WTNCA flag 
        //                      the default is all flags set to 0
        //
        //  pvAttribute             - pointer to data relevant to property being set size
        //                          is cbAttribute see each property for details. 
        //
        //  cbAttribute             - size in bytes of the data pointed to by pvAttribute 
        // 
        //---------------------------------------------------------------------------
#if WCP_SYSTEM_THEMES_ENABLED 
        [DllImport(ExternDll.Uxtheme, CharSet = CharSet.Unicode)]
        public static extern uint SetWindowThemeAttribute(HandleRef hwnd, NativeMethods.WINDOWTHEMEATTRIBUTETYPE eAttribute, [In, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStruct)] NativeMethods.WTA_OPTIONS pvAttribute, int cbAttribute);
        public static uint SetWindowThemeAttribute(HandleRef hwnd, NativeMethods.WINDOWTHEMEATTRIBUTETYPE eAttribute, NativeMethods.WTA_OPTIONS pvAttribute)
        { 
            return SetWindowThemeAttribute(hwnd, eAttribute, pvAttribute, Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(NativeMethods.WTA_OPTIONS)));
        } 
#endif 

        ///  
        ///
        /// 
        [DllImport("kernel32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true)]
        public static extern bool SetEvent(IntPtr hEvent); 

        [SecurityCritical, SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurity] 
        [DllImport(ExternDll.Kernel32, SetLastError = true, ExactSpelling = true, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)] 
        public static extern int SetEvent([In] SafeWaitHandle hHandle);
 
        [SecurityCritical, SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurity]
        [DllImport(ExternDll.Kernel32, SetLastError = true, ExactSpelling = true, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
        public static extern int WaitForSingleObject([In] SafeWaitHandle hHandle, [In] int dwMilliseconds);
 

#if never 
        //"STDAPI GetCORSystemDirectory(LPWSTR pbuffer, DWORD  cchBuffer, DWORD* dwLength);" 
        [System.Runtime.InteropServices.DllImport("mscoree.dll",
             CharSet = System.Runtime.InteropServices.CharSet.Unicode, 
             ExactSpelling = true,
             SetLastError = false,
             PreserveSig = false)]
        //since PreserveSig is false, it will return number of bytes filled in sb on success and throw on fail 
        internal static extern int GetCORSystemDirectory(System.Text.StringBuilder sb, int sbSize);
#endif 
 
        //[DllImport(ExternDll.Kernel32, SetLastError = true)]
        //internal static extern int GetFileSize(SafeFileHandle hFile, ref int lpFileSizeHigh); 


        //////////////////////////////////////
        // Needed by BASE 
#if BASE_NATIVEMETHODS
 
 
        ///
        /// Critical as this code performs an elevation. 
        ///
        [SecurityCritical]
        [SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurity]
        [DllImport(ExternDll.User32, ExactSpelling = true, CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true)] 
        internal static extern int GetMouseMovePointsEx(
                                        uint  cbSize, 
                                        [In] ref NativeMethods.MOUSEMOVEPOINT pointsIn, 
                                        [Out] NativeMethods.MOUSEMOVEPOINT[] pointsBufferOut,
                                        int nBufPoints, 
                                        uint resolution
                                   );

        [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Explicit)] 
        internal unsafe struct ULARGE_INTEGER
        { 
            [FieldOffset(0)] 
            internal uint LowPart;
 
            [FieldOffset(4)]
            internal uint HighPart;

            [FieldOffset(0)] 
            internal ulong QuadPart;
        } 
 
        [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Explicit)]
        internal unsafe struct LARGE_INTEGER 
        {
            [FieldOffset(0)]
            internal int LowPart;
 
            [FieldOffset(4)]
            internal int HighPart; 
 
            [FieldOffset(0)]
            internal long QuadPart; 
        }

        ///
        /// Critical as this code performs an elevation. 
        ///
        [SecurityCritical] 
        [SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurity] 
        [DllImport("kernel32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
        internal static extern bool GetFileSizeEx( 
            SafeFileHandle hFile,
            ref LARGE_INTEGER lpFileSize
            );
 

        /// Win32 constants 
        internal static readonly IntPtr INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE = new IntPtr(-1); 

        /// Win32 constants 
        internal const int PAGE_NOACCESS = 0x01;
        /// Win32 constants
        internal const int PAGE_READONLY = 0x02;
        /// Win32 constants 
        internal const int PAGE_READWRITE = 0x04;
        /// Win32 constants 
        internal const int PAGE_WRITECOPY = 0x08; 
        /// Win32 constants
        internal const int PAGE_EXECUTE = 0x10; 
        /// Win32 constants
        internal const int PAGE_EXECUTE_READ = 0x20;
        /// Win32 constants
        internal const int PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE = 0x40; 
        /// Win32 constants
        internal const int PAGE_EXECUTE_WRITECOPY = 0x80; 
        /// Win32 constants 
        internal const int PAGE_GUARD = 0x100;
        /// Win32 constants 
        internal const int PAGE_NOCACHE = 0x200;
        /// Win32 constants
        internal const int PAGE_WRITECOMBINE = 0x400;
        /// Win32 constants 
        internal const int MEM_COMMIT = 0x1000;
        /// Win32 constants 
        internal const int MEM_RESERVE = 0x2000; 
        /// Win32 constants
        internal const int MEM_DECOMMIT = 0x4000; 
        /// Win32 constants
        internal const int MEM_RELEASE = 0x8000;
        /// Win32 constants
        internal const int MEM_FREE = 0x10000; 
        /// Win32 constants
        internal const int MEM_PRIVATE = 0x20000; 
        /// Win32 constants 
        internal const int MEM_MAPPED = 0x40000;
        /// Win32 constants 
        internal const int MEM_RESET = 0x80000;
        /// Win32 constants
        internal const int MEM_TOP_DOWN = 0x100000;
        /// Win32 constants 
        internal const int MEM_WRITE_WATCH = 0x200000;
        /// Win32 constants 
        internal const int MEM_PHYSICAL = 0x400000; 
        /// Win32 constants
        internal const int MEM_4MB_PAGES = unchecked((int)0x80000000); 
        /// Win32 constants
        internal const int SEC_FILE = 0x800000;
        /// Win32 constants
        internal const int SEC_IMAGE = 0x1000000; 
        /// Win32 constants
        internal const int SEC_RESERVE = 0x4000000; 
        /// Win32 constants 
        internal const int SEC_COMMIT = 0x8000000;
        /// Win32 constants 
        internal const int SEC_NOCACHE = 0x10000000;
        /// Win32 constants
        internal const int MEM_IMAGE = SEC_IMAGE;
        /// Win32 constants 
        internal const int WRITE_WATCH_FLAG_RESET = 0x01;
 
        /// Win32 constants 
        internal const int SECTION_ALL_ACCESS =
            STANDARD_RIGHTS_REQUIRED | 
            SECTION_QUERY |
            SECTION_MAP_WRITE |
            SECTION_MAP_READ |
            SECTION_MAP_EXECUTE | 
            SECTION_EXTEND_SIZE;
 
        /// Win32 constants 
        internal const int STANDARD_RIGHTS_REQUIRED = 0x000F0000;
 
        /// Win32 constants
        internal const int SECTION_QUERY = 0x0001;
        /// Win32 constants
        internal const int SECTION_MAP_WRITE = 0x0002; 
        /// Win32 constants
        internal const int SECTION_MAP_READ = 0x0004; 
        /// Win32 constants 
        internal const int SECTION_MAP_EXECUTE = 0x0008;
        /// Win32 constants 
        internal const int SECTION_EXTEND_SIZE = 0x0010;

        /// Win32 constants
        internal const int FILE_MAP_COPY = SECTION_QUERY; 
        /// Win32 constants
        internal const int FILE_MAP_WRITE = SECTION_MAP_WRITE; 
        /// Win32 constants 
        internal const int FILE_MAP_READ = SECTION_MAP_READ;
        /// Win32 constants 
        internal const int FILE_MAP_ALL_ACCESS = SECTION_ALL_ACCESS;

        /// 
        /// 
        /// 
        ///  
        ///  
        /// 
        ///  
        /// 
        [DllImport("advapi32.dll", SetLastError = true, CharSet = CharSet.Auto, BestFitMapping = false, ThrowOnUnmappableChar = true)]
        internal static extern bool ConvertStringSecurityDescriptorToSecurityDescriptor(
            string stringSecurityDescriptor,    // security descriptor string 
            int stringSDRevision,                  // revision level
            ref IntPtr securityDescriptor,       // SD 
            IntPtr securityDescriptorSize       // SD size 
            );
 
        /// Win32 constants
        internal const int SDDL_REVISION_1 = 1;
        /// Win32 constants
        internal const int SDDL_REVISION = SDDL_REVISION_1; 

 
        /// 
        /// Critical as this code performs an elevation.
        /// 
        [SecurityCritical]
        [SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurity]
        [DllImport("kernel32.dll", SetLastError = true, CharSet = CharSet.Auto, BestFitMapping = false, ThrowOnUnmappableChar = true)]
        internal static extern SafeFileMappingHandle OpenFileMapping( 
            int dwDesiredAccess,
            bool bInheritHandle, 
            string lpName 
            );
 
        ///
        /// Critical as this code performs an elevation.
        ///
        [SecurityCritical] 
        [SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurity]
        [DllImport("kernel32.dll", SetLastError = true)] 
        internal static extern IntPtr VirtualAlloc( 
            IntPtr lpAddress,
            UIntPtr dwSize, 
            int flAllocationType,
            int flProtect
            );
 

        // 
        // RIT WM_MOUSEQUERY structure for DWM WM_MOUSEQUERY (see HwndMouseInputSource.cs) 
        //
        [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, Pack = 1)] // For DWM WM_MOUSEQUERY 
        internal unsafe struct MOUSEQUERY
        {
            internal UInt32 uMsg;
            internal IntPtr wParam; 
            internal IntPtr lParam;
            internal Int32 ptX; 
            internal Int32 ptY; 
            internal IntPtr hwnd;
        } 

        ///
        /// Critical as this code performs an elevation (via SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurity)
        /// 
        [SecurityCritical]
        [SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurity] 
        [DllImport(ExternDll.Ole32, ExactSpelling = true, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)] 
        public static extern int OleIsCurrentClipboard(IComDataObject pDataObj);
 
        [DllImport(ExternDll.Kernel32, ExactSpelling = true, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
        internal static extern int GetOEMCP();

#if never 
        [DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, BestFitMapping = false, ThrowOnUnmappableChar = true)]
        internal static extern int ToUnicode(int nVirtKey, int nScanCode, byte[] keystate, StringBuilder text, int cch, int flags); 
#endif 

        // WinEvent fired when new Avalon UI is created 
        public const int EventObjectUIFragmentCreate = 0x6FFFFFFF;


        ////////////////////////////////// 
        // Needed by FontCache
 
        [DllImport("ntdll.dll")] 
        internal static extern int RtlNtStatusToDosError(int Status);
 
        internal static bool NtSuccess(int err)
        {
            return err >= STATUS_SUCCESS;
        } 

        /// 
        /// Critical: LinkDemand on Win32Exception constructor 
        /// TreatAsSafe: Throwing an exception isn't unsafe
        /// 
        [SecurityCritical, SecurityTreatAsSafe]
        internal static void NtCheck(int err)
        {
            if (!NtSuccess(err)) 
            {
                int win32error = RtlNtStatusToDosError(err); 
                throw new System.ComponentModel.Win32Exception(win32error); 
            }
        } 

        internal const int STATUS_SUCCESS = 0;
        internal const int STATUS_TIMEOUT = 0x00000102;
        internal const int STATUS_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL = unchecked((int)0xC0000023); 

#endif // BASE_NATIVEMETHODS 
 

 
        //
        // ETW Tracing native methods
        //
 
        ///
        /// Critical as this code performs an elevation. 
        /// 
        [SecurityCritical(SecurityCriticalScope.Everything)]
        [SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurity] 

        internal sealed class EtwTrace
        {
            // Ensure class cannot be instantiated by making the constructor private 
            private EtwTrace() { }
 
            internal unsafe delegate uint EtwProc(uint requestCode, System.IntPtr requestContext, System.IntPtr bufferSize, byte* buffer); 

 
            //
            // Structures
            //
            [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)] 
            internal struct CSTRACE_GUID_REGISTRATION
            { 
                internal unsafe System.Guid* Guid; 
                internal uint RegHandle;
            } 


            [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
            internal struct TraceGuidRegistration 
            {
                internal unsafe System.Guid* Guid; 
                internal unsafe void* RegHandle; 
            }
 


            //
            // Function Signatures 
            //
 
            [DllImport("advapi32", ExactSpelling = true, EntryPoint = "GetTraceEnableFlags", CharSet = System.Runtime.InteropServices.CharSet.Unicode)] 
            internal static extern int GetTraceEnableFlags(ulong traceHandle);
 
            [DllImport("advapi32", ExactSpelling = true, EntryPoint = "GetTraceEnableLevel", CharSet = System.Runtime.InteropServices.CharSet.Unicode)]
            internal static extern byte GetTraceEnableLevel(ulong traceHandle);

            [DllImport("advapi32", ExactSpelling = true, EntryPoint = "RegisterTraceGuidsW", CharSet = System.Runtime.InteropServices.CharSet.Unicode)] 
            internal static extern unsafe uint RegisterTraceGuids([In]EtwProc cbFunc, [In]void* context, [In] ref System.Guid controlGuid, [In] uint guidCount, ref TraceGuidRegistration guidReg, [In]string mofImagePath, [In] string mofResourceName, [Out] out ulong regHandle);
 
            [DllImport("advapi32", ExactSpelling = true, EntryPoint = "UnregisterTraceGuids", CharSet = System.Runtime.InteropServices.CharSet.Unicode)] 
            internal static extern int UnregisterTraceGuids(ulong regHandle);
 
            [DllImport("advapi32", ExactSpelling = true, EntryPoint = "TraceEvent", CharSet = System.Runtime.InteropServices.CharSet.Unicode)]
            internal static extern unsafe uint TraceEvent(ulong traceHandle, char* header);
        }
 
        //
        // COM Helper Methods 
        // 

        /// 
        ///     Critical:    Satisfies a LinkDemand on releasecom call.
        ///
        [SecurityCritical]
        internal static int SafeReleaseComObject(object o) 
        {
            int refCount = 0; 
 
            // Validate
            if (o != null) 
            {
                if (Marshal.IsComObject(o))
                {
                    refCount = Marshal.ReleaseComObject(o); 
                }
            } 
 
            return refCount;
        } 

#if WINDOWS_BASE
        ///
        /// Critical as this code performs an elevation. 
        ///
        [SecurityCritical, SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurity] 
        [DllImport(Microsoft.Internal.DllImport.Wininet, EntryPoint = "GetUrlCacheConfigInfoW", SetLastError=true)] 
        internal static extern bool GetUrlCacheConfigInfo(
            ref NativeMethods.InternetCacheConfigInfo pInternetCacheConfigInfo, 
            ref UInt32 cbCacheConfigInfo,
            UInt32 /* DWORD */ fieldControl
            );
#endif 

        ///  
        ///     Critical: takes an hwnd, calls unmanaged code 
        /// 
        [SecurityCritical, SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurity] 
        [DllImport("WtsApi32.dll")]
        [return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)]
        public static extern bool WTSRegisterSessionNotification(IntPtr hwnd, uint dwFlags);
 
        /// 
        ///     Critical: takes an hwnd, calls unmanaged code 
        ///  
        [SecurityCritical, SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurity]
        [DllImport("WtsApi32.dll")] 
        [return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)]
        public static extern bool WTSUnRegisterSessionNotification(IntPtr hwnd);

    } 
}

// File provided for Reference Use Only by Microsoft Corporation (c) 2007.
// Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.


                        

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